Objectives:

1. Objectives: Students will study Petrarchan (Italian) sonnets in order to compare Shakespeare’s Juliet with Petrarch’s Laura. HW:

2. Objective2 • Students will study iambic pentameter in order to understand how Shakespeare uses the form.

3. Warm-Up What are the major conflicts so far in “Romeo and Juliet”?

4. Warm Up2 • Why doesn’t Lord Capulet consent to the marriage of Juliet and Paris? What does he suggest instead?

5. Petrarch Francesco Petrarca- July 20, 1304 – July 19, 1374 an Italian scholar, poet and one of the earliest Renaissance humanists

6. Spent his childhood near Florence • Lived in Bologna and finally in Venice.

7. Petrarch • Born just after 1300 near Florence, Italy in a time and place where few could read and write • Lost his mother and father while he was young • Many of his friends and family died of the plague • Treated like a celebrity for his writings • Influenced many, including Shakespeare • Died in 1374 writing- pen in his hand.

8. More Petrarch… • Credited to developing (not inventing) the sonnet • Spread sonnet to other European countries • One of the first people to call the Middle Ages the “Dark Ages” • Worked as a priest, but had several children.

9. On April 6, 1327, Good Friday, after giving up his vocation as a priest, the sight of a woman called "Laura" in the church of Sainte-Claire d'Avignon awoke in him a lasting passion, " • Laura may have been Laura de Noves, the wife of Count Hugues de Sade (ancestor of the Marquis de Sade) • Very lovely and dignified • Was already married and had almost • no contact with Petrarch

10. Sonnets to Laura • Influenced Petrarch to write exclamatory and not persuasive poems. • Described in religious terms • Wrote 365 poems to her • Love at first sight

11. Sonnets to Laura • Causes Petrarch joy, but, since the love is unrequited it is also a source of unending grief. • Exclaim Laura to be untouchable; on a pedestal; Too good for him.

12. Sonnet Timeline

13. Petrarch’s Sonnets The eyes I spoke of once in words that burn, the arms and hands and feet and lovely face that took me from myself for such a space of time and marked me out from other men; the waving hair of unmixed gold that shone, the smile that flashed with the angelic rays that used to make this earth a paradise, are now a little dust, all feeling gone; and yet I live, grief and disdain to me, left where the light I cherished never shows, in fragile bark on the tempestuous sea. Here let my loving song come to a close; the vein of my accustomed art is dry, and this, my lyre, turned at last to tears. Describe the speaker. Who does he resemble in Romeo and Juliet?

14. The lady. The muse. • In the following poem, describe the lady to whom the poem is written as well as the speaker.

15. It was the day the sun's ray had turned pale with pity for the suffering of his Maker when I was caught, and I put up no fight, my lady, for your lovely eyes had bound me. It seemed no time to be on guard against Love's blows; therefore, I went my way secure and fearless—so, all my misfortunes began in midst of universal woe. Love found me all disarmed and found the way was clear to reach my heart down through the eyes which have become the halls and doors of tears. It seems to me it did him little honour to wound me with his arrow in my state and to you, armed, not show his bow at all.

16. The Sonnet • Italian • English Things to know: • End rhyme • Quatrain- 4 lines • Octave- 8 lines • Sestet- 6 lines • Couplet 2 rhyming lines • Volta- a jump or shift in thought or emotion

17. Italian (end rhyme) • Italian Sonnet • A • B • A • B • A • B • A • B • C • D • E • C • D • E • Also. (ABBA ABBA) and (CDC CDC)

18. English Sonnet • A • B • A • B • C • D • C • D • E • F • E • F • G • G

19. Meter..is the BEAT! • Iamb/ Iambic- bah BOM • Trochee/Trochaic-BAH bom • Anapest/Anapestic- bah bah BOM • Dactyl/Dactylic- BOM bah bah

20. Line length • Monometer- one foot • Dimeter- 2 feet • Trimeter- 3 feet • Tetrameter-4 feet • Pentameter- 5 feet

21. The best-known example of an entire poem in monometer is Robert Herrick’s “Upon His Departure Hence”: • Thus I Passe by,And die:As One,Unknown,And gon:I’m made A shade, And laid I’th grave,There haveMy Cave.Where tell I dwell, Farewell

22. http://poemshape.wordpress.com/2009/02/21/roethke-waltzing-iambic-tetrameter/http://poemshape.wordpress.com/2009/02/21/roethke-waltzing-iambic-tetrameter/

23. Tetrameter • http://poemshape.wordpress.com/2009/01/03/robet-burns-trochaic-tetrameter-sort-of/

24. Sonnet • Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date;Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee

25. Sonnet 130 My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;Coral is far more red than her lips' red;If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.I have seen roses damask'd, red and white,But no such roses see I in her cheeks;And in some perfumes is there more delightThan in the breath that from my mistress reeks.I love to hear her speak, yet well I knowThat music hath a far more pleasing sound;I grant I never saw a goddess go;My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rareAs any she belied with false compare.

26. Close What themes did Shakespeare have in common with Petrarch (think about the qualities of Romeo and Juliet and how love is seen in the play)? What is different? HW:

27. Page 992 The Chorus • Page 1016

28. Video: Act 1 (choose 2 of the 3 questions below) • How does Franco Zeffirelli’s vision of “Romeo and Juliet” compare with the way your picture the play as you read it? Compare and contrast his vision to your own. (8-10 sentences) • Whenever Shakespeare is adapted to the cinema, the director and writers must make the difficult decision as to what must stay and what must go. Scenes are added, extended and deleted. Did you notice anything that was added, extended or cut from Zeffirelli’s version of “Romeo and Juliet?” How did it influence the way you see the story? (8-10 sentences). • The power of Romeo and Juliet relies on the actors ability to portray the characters. What character came across most effectively for you? What character came across the least effectively for you? (8-10 sentences).

29. Act 2. continued • Make additions to your WU list as we go along. Include important metaphors, actions, symbols, setting..etc. • Scene2.- • (after reading) what is the setting? Write down a description of how you picture this scene. • (after viewing) How did your description compare to Zefferelli’s?

30. Quick quiz • 1.What were Benvolio and Mercutio doing in ActII sc1? • 2. Who was Romeo addressing when he says, “He jests at scars that never felt a wound.” • 3. Fill in the blank. “But soft! What light through yonder window breaks? It is the East and Juliet is the ____!” • 4.What is meant by “That which we call a rose/ By any other name would smell as sweet?”

31. Close. What are Romeo and Juliet’s plans after they depart from each other? Happy Birthday Mr. DeReza! HW: review Act 1 and what we have covered in Act 2. Make a list for events for Act 1 as we did today for Act 2

32. The house is bigger than a hummer truck. • Dereza teaches English poster making. • We’re not consumed by people hating us.