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WWAP Expert Group on Indicators, Monitoring and Databases (EG-IMD)

EG-IMD. WWAP Expert Group on Indicators, Monitoring and Databases (EG-IMD). The challenges of monitoring water efficiency : Some lessons from the World Water Assessment Programme and beyond the borders of Europe. Mike Muller, Chair EG-IMD Copenhagen, June 2011. EG-IMD.

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WWAP Expert Group on Indicators, Monitoring and Databases (EG-IMD)

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  1. EG-IMD WWAPExpert Group on Indicators, Monitoring and Databases (EG-IMD) The challenges of monitoring water efficiency : Some lessons from the World Water Assessment Programme and beyond the borders of Europe Mike Muller, Chair EG-IMDCopenhagen, June 2011

  2. EG-IMD Mandate and process of Expert Group EG Outcomes Beyond mechanical indicators, beyond Europe Efficiency in context Findings related to efficiency indicators Specific issues related to efficiency monitoring Conclusions Outline

  3. EG-IMD • Prepare a short list of key dimensions and indicators (done before, UNWater Task Force working on similar mandate) • Focus of EG, therefore: • - Draft a proposal on future work required to report on a useful, feasible and sustainable set of indicators on key water resources issues on an ongoing basis • - Assumption: data availability should inform indicator choice • Open participation of INDIVIDUALS in 3 stage dialogue: • USERS of water resource information (Perugia, Jan 2009) • Communities of data PROVIDERS and Interpreters (Delft, April 2009) • SYNTHESIS session (Copenhagen 2009) Mandate and Process

  4. Four overall dimensions: Status of the resource (quantity/availability and quality) Different uses of water Governance system* Performance – a subset of governance *An early conclusion was that the assessment of governance requires a substantially different methodology to that for the other areas. This is currently being addressed through a separate process of collaboration between WWAP and the GWP. EG-IMD Outcomes

  5. EG-IMD Set of Key Indicators –UN-Water TF approach generally acceptable Key issues: Outcomes Availability of reliable, repeatable data ? Different “users” want different indicators

  6. 1. Total Actual Renewable Water Resources (TARWR) 2. Storage capacity 3. National expenditure for WatSan* 4. Water use intensity 5. Use by sector 6. Δ Inland fish capture 7. Share of blue, green & virtual water in food production 8. % population w/ improved drinking water 9. % population w/ improved sanitation 10. Δ in water productivity in irrigated AG 11. Water productivity in industry 12. Δ in hydropower productivity* 13. Δ in quality of freshwater systems* 14. Urban wastewater treatment connection rates 15. Threatened freshwater species* *requires further development EG-IMD UN-Water Task Force on Indicators, Monitoring and Reporting Proposed 15 indicators:

  7. Review of UNW proposals:major issue was data, not indicators

  8. Key Recommendation “Since WWAP is a neutral platform, its output should be sufficiently generic that it can be used to provide a range of indicators relevant to the many different interest groups that seek to track trends in water resources. A focus on the production of core “data items”, in addition to the core indicators that WWAP itself uses, would achieve this purpose.” EG-IMD Outcomes

  9. In the domain of water resource availability: • TARWR via 30 year moving average (new; RS + synthesised) • Storage (Available man-made storage capacity, changes in surface and groundwater storage) • Long term (30 year) average precipitation (new, to match new TARWR series) • Basic indicators of variability • Frequency of specific extremes (new) • Values of specific extremes (new) EG-IMD Outcomes: Data Items

  10. In the domain of water quality and environment: • -Eutrophication of selected freshwater water bodies (new; using RS to assess chlorophyll and dissolved organic matter) • NO3 and salinity in • Groundwater (new) • Freshwater (new) • -Freshwater species (subsector of living planet index by WWF) • -Extent and condition of selected wetlands (new, using RS) EG-IMD Outcomes: Data Items (cont’d)

  11. In the domain of water use • Water use by sector (existing classifications) • -Agriculture • -Industry • -Domestic • -Energy EG-IMD Outcomes: Data Items (cont’d)

  12. The process adopted by the EG to develop this proposal: • ID areas where data deficiencies impede indicator production • Consider approaches that improve data availability (traditional or innovative methods) • Choose target areas in which substantial progress could be made in the short term with relatively limited resources • Prepare outline proposals for programmes of work to deliver global sets of data items (with indicative costings) • ID potential institutional partners • Budget to initiate the projects estimated at: US$ 2,500,000 • Budget to sustain the projects estimated at: US$ 1,000,000 EG-IMD Programme for the production of key “Data Items”

  13. Water use efficiency requires data items for: • Water use • Associated output data • (physical and/or economic) • Within coherent frame • (sector and geography) • Context information needed • (Water scarcity, intensity of water use –indicators that provide information about opportunity cost and externalities) EG-IMD Data Items – for efficiency

  14. Beyond “mechanical” efficiency indicators, beyond Europe … • Consider not just efficiency, but other relevant water resource management indicators •  Then decide which efficiency measure is appropriate in the particular context

  15. Efficiency – in context, what are our concerns? • EG IMD focus: • Country efficiency • Sector efficiency • Unit efficiency • Equally important at national level • But what is resource context? • abundant, limited? • little used, intensely used? • Other indicators provide context

  16. So, how do we assess water efficiency in sugar production, for instance • Rainfed Brazil • Irrigated – surplus countries, Mozambique • Irrigated - stressed countries, SA • Is litre/ kilogram useful, meaningful ? • Beyond intra-sector comparisons?

  17. What is the specific goal of each country? • Goal will depend on status of other indicators –water scarcity, use intensity • e.g. Forestry: • reduce Et (South Africa) protect streamflow • increase Et (Netherlands), reduce pumping • e.g. Electricity: • Decouple water use/production (SA) • hydropower production as % of potential • but what about the value of peaking power?!

  18. Care about broader sustainability impact • Inappropriate goals may lead to inappropriate efficiency standards • Additional water use to prevent salinisation not “inefficient” • Reduced water use of energy production may lead to reduced energy efficiency • Unintended consequences may result • Europe carbon emissions from production down but emissions from consumption are up • Some water use data is calculated from assumptions about water use efficiency!

  19. Conclusion of EG: • Many different goals that we monitor • Focus on producing the data items, • Allow each set of interest groups to define and calculate own indicators • Implications for efficiency: • Set appropriate goals • Review efficiency according to goal

  20. EG-IMD WWAPExpert Group on Indicators, Monitoring and Databases (EG-IMD) Thank you

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