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Understanding Schizophrenia: Theories and Perspectives on Psychological Disorders

This article explores the multifaceted nature of schizophrenia through various psychological theories. It delves into psychodynamic, behaviorist, and cognitive perspectives, examining how these frameworks interpret the disorder. The psychodynamic view considers conflicts between the id, ego, and superego, while behaviorists analyze learned behaviors. Cognitive theories highlight faulty thinking processes and cognitive distortions that contribute to psychotic symptoms. Overall, the discussion offers a comprehensive understanding of how different theories conceptualize and address the complexities of schizophrenia.

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Understanding Schizophrenia: Theories and Perspectives on Psychological Disorders

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  1. Schizophrenia • Psychological theories • Psychodynamic • Behaviourist • Cognitive psychlotron.org.uk

  2. Psychodynamic • Psychological disorders assumed to be manifestations of: • Imbalance between id, ego & superego • Attempts to deal with unacceptable repressed material psychlotron.org.uk

  3. Healthy Psyche OK Guys – I’m in charge. Anything you want has to go through me. OK. OK. Ego psychlotron.org.uk Id Superego

  4. Neurotic Listen up! I’m in charge, and you are not here to enjoy yourselves. Get ready for a double-size portion of anxiety with a side order of guilt! No fun. >whimper< Superego psychlotron.org.uk Id Ego

  5. Psychotic Sex! Food! Drink! Drugs! NOW! Who turned out the lights? Id psychlotron.org.uk Ego Superego

  6. Psychodynamic • Regression to primary narcissism • Id takes over • No distinction between reality & fantasy, self & others • Inability to function; delay gratification • Assumed to be due to maternal behaviour (schizogenic mother) psychlotron.org.uk

  7. Behaviourist • Mental disorders regarded as sets of learned behaviour • Behaviour acquired through observation of others • Behaviour maintained through operant processes psychlotron.org.uk

  8. Cognitive • Abnormal behaviours assumed to arise from faulty thinking processes • Bentall (2004) presents an account of how psychotic symptoms occur, but rejects the idea that schiz. is a discrete diagnostic entity psychlotron.org.uk

  9. Cognitive • Hallucinations • Misattributed inner speech • Delusions • Attempts to make sense of hallucinatory experiences • Once delusion arises, attentional bias tends to maintain it psychlotron.org.uk

  10. Cognitive • Disorganised thinking & speech • Difficulty distinguishing between thinking and speech • Deficits in STM and semantic memory • Exacerbated by emotional arousal, resulting in ‘vicious circle’ or disorganisation psychlotron.org.uk

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