the Last Decade of the twentieth Century

1. 1990s the Last Decade of the twentieth Century A trip through the 90s………… By: Caitlyn Sottile, Chase Hafer, Keith Lee, Quentin Murphy

2. Introduction I- Introduction to the 1990s      A- A decade of technology           1- The 90s was a period of time full of new inventions and technological advancements, discoveries, and events           2- People joyfully welcomed these new changes and they greatly changed the way people lived           3- Includes maximized crime      B- Facts about the 1990s           1- Population- 281,421,906           2- Unemployment- 5.8 million/4.2%           3- National Debt- $5,413.1 million           4- Average Salary- $13.37 per hour           5- Minimum Wage- $5.15 per hour           6- Life Expectancy                a- Male- 73.1 years                b- Female - 79.1 years           7- We were born in this decade!!

3. People I-People of the 1990's      A- President Bill Clinton            1- Democrat, won the 1992 election - during this time he was serving his fifth term as gov. of Arkansas           2- In the years before he was elected there were many big events including Cold war( conflict between America and Soviet Union)            3- America feared its economic health            4- during his two campaigns for president- said that he was the best canidate            5- solve country's economic/social problems            6-expand education opportunities for poor middle class americans            7-  5- Scandal!                a- In 1998 US house of Representatives- Clinton lied to the grand jury about having an affair with Monica Lewinsky                b- he urged her to lie and finally confessed on live television                c- the house impeached him for perjury and obstruction of justice        B- Bill Gates           1- Chairman and cheif excecutive officer of Microsoft Corporation that he began in 1975            2- enhanced world of tecnology           3- one of the wealthiest people           4- sold over a million copies of windows           5- revolution of ways people used computer 

4. People (continued) C- Oprah Winfrey                     1-  one of the very successful women of the 1990s           2-  hosted her own show           3-"The Oprah Winfrey Show"          4- One of the highest rated talk shows           5- Actress  4- Heroine for women and African Americans            5- further carved a path for young african american women to be successful      D- Tiger Woods           1- Hero for young athletes           2- won 95 golf tournaments(71 of these were PGA) first of these wins was in 1997- only 21           3- His was the best score in the competition history and won by biggest margin           4- Success was more remarkable because in this particular sport, there were few African American players      E-Mother Theresa            1- Roman catholic nun           2- known for her work with the needy           3- received many awards including honorary U.S. citizenship, given to her in 1996

5. Events A- O. J. Simson Case           1- Was one of the greatest running backs of all time           2-In 1994 he was arrested and charged with the murder of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman           3- In 1995 the jury found Simpson not guilty           4- In 1997 there was a civil trial      B- North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)            1- Agreement that unites Canada, Mexico, and U.S. in a free trade zone           2- Became effective in 1989 but actually took effect in 1994 3- Opposition to NAFTA in the U.S.           4- Response to opposition

6. Events C- Columbine High School Shooting           1- April 20, 1999 Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris tried to kill their piers in there school                          2- They planted bombs and acquired guns to use           3- Killed 12 students and one teacher and then killed themselves           4- First school killing and shocked the entire country  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUDuFFx-mSw      D- The Cold War Ends            1- A time period after WWII in which intense rivalry existed between Communist and non-Communist Nations           2- The Cold War Ended in the 1990s with a series of events           3- America was ecstatic with the end of the Cold War because communism was no longer a part of Europe       E- Gulf War           1- On Augest 2, 1990 Iraq invaded and took over Kuwait and was moving on to Saudi Arabia           2- Industrialized countries were alarmed by Iraq because they relied on these countries for petroleum           3- The U.S. and UN organized a coalition of 39 Nations which send troops to protect Saudi Arabia           4- On January 17, 1991 the coalition began bombing Iraqi military and industrial places           5- In late February, 1991 coalition launched huge attack into southern Kuwait and Iraq and quickly defeats Iraq           6- Coalition operations ended February 28, 1990

7. Events 7- Effects of War                a-Human suffering in Middle East                b- Iraq's economy faces hardships                c-Hundreds of people were either killed, severely injured, or became refugees                d- Immense environmental pollution in Middle East                                    e- Triggered violent revolts in Iraq mainly by Kurds and Shiite Muslim Arabs        8- Effect on America                 f- First huge international cirsis since the end of the Cold War   F- Other Significant Events           1- Al-Qaeda Declares War on America               

8. Events 2- Oklahoma City Bombing                a- April 19, 1995 a bomb exploded in a truck in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma                     1- 168 people were killed                b- Timothy J. McVeigh and Terry L. Nichols (U.S. citezens) were charged with the crime                     1- Charges said they made and planted the bomb                     2- Michael Frotier was charged with assisting the two                     3- Great Flood of 1993                a- In 1993 large rain storms ocurred in the Midwest for about two months                 b-  Mississippi and Missouri Rivers overflowed due to the rain                c- Caused $15 billion worth of damage and forced 75,000 people out of there home

9. Science, Medicine, Technology I- Science, Medicine, and Technology of the 1990's      A- Hubble Space Telescope           1-Astronomers have used the Hubble Space Telescope to obtain images of celestial objects and phenomena in detail never before observed.           2-Because an orbiting telescope is above the atmosphere, it can produce pictures in much finer detail than a ground-based telescope can.           3-The space shuttle Discovery launched the telescope into orbit in 1990. Soon after launch, engineers discovered a flaw in the telescope's light-gathering mirror.                      a-Astronauts from the space shuttle Endeavour installed the device on the telescope in 1993, correcting the flaw.      B-Y2K           1-People were afraid of a computer glitch that became known as the Year 2000 problem , or simply Y2K.                                                                        a-The Y2K problem rested with older computer programs. To save space, early programmers had used only two digets.                    b-Since 2000 would appear as "00" people were worried that computers might mistake the year 2000 with 1900.                2- The Y2K bug would cause important programs to malfunction.                    a-This would cause certain government and local programs , like the ones which moderate stoplights, to work wrong or even not work at all.           3-Programmers rushed to update computers.                    a-They succeded in fixing most of the computers.                    b- There were some bugs , but they only caused minor damage.

10. (continued) C-Scientists Clone Sheep           1-Dolly was a sheep who was the first animal to be artificially cloned from cells taken from another adult animal.                          a-A clone is a genetically identical copy of another organism.            2-The British scientist Ian Wilmut, head of a team of researchers in Edinburgh, Scotland, announced Dolly's existence in February 1997.                     3-Many people  believed this achievement was a great advance in science. II- Improvements on Existing Science, Technology, and Medicine       A- World Wide Web           1-The World Wide Web is a system of computer files linked together on the Internet. The Internet connects computers and computer networks around the world. The portion of the Internet not on the World Wide Web contains only text information.                     a- The Web, however, has multimedia capabilities—that is, its files include illustrations, sounds, and moving pictures in addition to text.            2-Tim Berners-Leewrote the Web software in 1990.               3-The  introduction of the Web helped make the Internet popular and easier to use. 

11. Arts, Entertainment, & Leisure I- Arts, Entertainment and Leisure of the 1990's      A- Art           1- Painting declined and architecture became more popular           2- Architecture                a- Very original buildings for museums and galleries became popular                     1- Different from 80s where commercial buildings dominated          3- Painting                a- Fractalist movement became popular                     C-Literature           1- Technological Advances                a. Amazon and other online book purchasing sites became popular           2- Sale of Books                a. Franchise bookstores such as Borders and Barnes & Noble drove smaller bookstores of of business                b. used books became popular           3- Popular Books                 a. Memoirs of a Geisha by Arthur S. Golden                b. 7 Habits of Highly Effective People                c. Divine Secrets of the Ya Ya Sisterhood by Rebecca Wells           4- Popular Authors              a. Danielle Steele- popularized by her romance novels                b. J.K. Rowling- popularized by her "Harry Potter" series, the first of which was published in 1997

12. Continued B-Literature           1- Technological Advances                a. E-books became available for the first time                b. Audio books were very popular                   c. Amazon and other online book purchasing sites became popular           2- Sale of Books                a. Franchise bookstores such as Borders and Barnes and Noble drove smaller bookstores of of business                b. Books went up in price and as a result used books became popular           3- Popular Books                 a. Memoirs of a Geisha by Arthur S. Golden                b. 7 Habits of Highly Effective People                c. Divine Secrets of the Ya Ya Sisterhood by Rebecca Wells           4- Popular Authors                a. Sue Grafton- popularized by her mysteries                b. John Grisham- popularized by his legal thrillers                c. Danielle Steele- popularized by her romance novels                d. J.K. Rowling- popularized by her "Harry Potter" series, the first of which was published in 1997

13. Continued C-Movies           1-Titanic- Directed by James Cameron and Starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet; movie was based on the historical occurence but included many fictional elements                  a- 2nd highest-grossing movie of all time, second only to "Avatar" another James Cameron flick                b- gained Kate Winslet and Leonardo DiCaprio international stardom                c- scored 11 Academy Awards in 1997                d- immortalized the phrase, "I'm the king of the world!"           2-Clueless           3- Toy Story- first full-length film produced by Pixar Animation Studios, first Disney-Pixar collabaration, first full-length animated film that was completely computer generated http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYz2wyBy3kc  a- featured sophisticated animation that allowed for a three dimensional world alive with color and movement                b- grossed more the $358 million worlwide                c- received wide citical acclaim and many awards and nominations; put Pixar on the map as the leading animation studio                d- so successful that it spawned two sequels: Toy Story 2, and Toy Story 3; also launched many products from dolls to video games

14. (Continued) E-Sports            1- Michael Jordan- NBA superstar, led Chicago Bulls to win three consecutive NBA championships in '91, '92, and '93                a- retired after his father's murder and signed contract with Chicago White Sox                b- returned to Bulls in 1995; led them to win three consecutive NBA chamionships in '96, '97, and '98                c- retired again in 1999 and went on to be part-owner of Washington Wizards           2- Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa- during the summer of 1998 both were chasing the home-run record of Roger Maris                a- Mark McGwire broke the record by hitting 70 home runs that year   D- Music           1- Grunge           2- Hip-Hop/ R&B                a- Tupac Shakur                b- Biggie Smallz                c- Snoop Doggy Dogg                d- The Fugees                e- Missy Elliot                f- Puff Daddy                g- Boyz II Men            3- Pop                a- Spice Girls                b- N'Sync                c- Backstreet Boys                d- Hanson                e- 98 Degrees                f- Mariah Carey                g- Britney Spears                h- Christina Aguilera                i- Destiny's Child  

15. Continued F- Fashion            1- New styles and fads of the 90's- after the crazy clothing of the 80's many people turned to more relaxed and consevative clothing; the sale of clothing was sluggish throught the 90's                a- "Casual Dress Fridays" became common in the workplace, which eventually led to a more realxed attire at work in general                b-  Much of 90's fashion was inspired by 1970's clothing                c- popular fads of the 90's included: tattoos, piercings, petticoat dresses, bare midriffs, long blazers, overralls, scrunchies, baggy pants, bandanas, butterfly clips, and fanny packs           2- Grunge fashion- became very popular starting in 1991 with the rise of Grunge music from Seattle;                a- Grunge entailed large oversize flannel shirts, ripped and dirty jeans, Dr. Marten's or other combat boots, and "just woke up" hair                b- Grunge was especially popular with teens of the 90's           3- Hip-Hop style was a major fahion trend in the 90's; influenced by popular hip-hop artist of the 90's                a- low-riding baggy jeans, jerseys, large jewelry, and nike sneakers were the norm                b- hip-hop community looked to 1930's and 1940's gangsters for inspiration            2- Goth Fashion- took off in the 90's; was bridge between 80's punk and 00's emo                a- was all about creating drama and expressing yourself                b- many goths wore all black and sported several piercings and tattoos 

16. (Continued) G- Gaming           1- Nintendo                a- During the decade Nintendo released more and more advanced game consoles           2- Sega Dreamcast                a- First online console H- Television Shows          1-90210- debuted in 1990 and went on for 10 seasons; became a top-rated show on the relatively new network Fox          2-The Real World- pioneer in reality tv shows; premeired in 1992 and is now MTV's longest-running show                a- premise of show is that seven strangers between the ages of 18 and 25 are picked from different backgrounds to live in a house together and have everything they do taped                b- cast fought over different topics such as race, sexuality, love, and politics                c- show revealed topics that were relevent to society in the 90's and usually controversial issues; let viewers see what America's young adults were focused on and struggling with   

17. (Continued) a- premise of show is that seven strangers between the ages of 18 and 25 are picked from different backgrounds to live in a house together and have everything they do taped                b- cast fought over different topics such as race, sexuality, love, and politics                c- show revealed topics that were relevent to society in the 90's and usually controversial issues; let viewers see what America's young adults were focused on and struggling with         3-Friends- debuted in 1994; propelled relatively unknown cast to Hollywood stardom                a- sitom was about six young adults living in NYC                d- the sitcom showed how in the 90's you didn't have to share a bloodline with someone to be family; highlighted the idea that in the 90's the conventional family was changing I- The American Family           1- During the 1990's the stock market reached an all-time high, life was prosperous and good for most middle class americans           2- During this decade people were faced with new

18. (Continued) E-Sports            1- Michael Jordan- NBA superstar, led Chicago Bulls to win three consecutive NBA championships in '91, '92, and '93                a- retired after his father's murder and signed contract with Chicago White Sox                b- returned to Bulls in 1995; led them to win three consecutive NBA chamionships in '96, '97, and '98                c- retired again in 1999 and went on to be part-owner of Washington Wizards           2- Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa- during the summer of 1998 both were chasing the home-run record of Roger Maris                a- Mark McGwire broke the record by hitting 70 home runs that year   D- Music           1- Grunge           2- Hip-Hop/ R&B                a- Tupac Shakur                b- Biggie Smallz                c- Snoop Doggy Dogg                d- The Fugees                e- Missy Elliot                f- Puff Daddy                g- Boyz II Men            3- Pop                a- Spice Girls                b- N'Sync                c- Backstreet Boys                d- Hanson                e- 98 Degrees                f- Mariah Carey                g- Britney Spears                h- Christina Aguilera                i- Destiny's Child