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Electrons • closer to nucleus - lower energy • further from nucleus – higher energy

Electrons • closer to nucleus - lower energy • further from nucleus – higher energy. Chemical bond is an attempt to fill an electron shell. Valence – outer shell 4 Energy Levels: 1. Holds just 2 electrons 2. Holds just 8 electrons 3. Maximum of 18 electrons

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Electrons • closer to nucleus - lower energy • further from nucleus – higher energy

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  1. Electrons •closer to nucleus - lower energy •further from nucleus – higher energy

  2. Chemical bond is an attempt to fill an electron shell. Valence – outer shell 4 Energy Levels: 1. Holds just 2 electrons 2. Holds just 8 electrons 3. Maximum of 18 electrons 4. Maximum of 32 electrons

  3. Octet Rule = atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons so as to have 8 electrons C would like to N would like to O would like to Gain 2 electrons Gain 4 electrons Gain 3 electrons

  4. Bonding (an attempt to fill electron shell) • Forces that hold the atoms together in compounds are called chemical bonds • The bonds form when atoms share or exchange electrons • Only those electrons having highest energies can form bonds (valence electrons)

  5. Why are electrons important? • different electron configurations mean different type of bonding

  6. Types of Bonds: 1. Ionic bonds 2. Covalent bonds 3. Hydrogen bonds 4. Metallic bonds

  7. IONIC BOND bond formed between two ions by the transfer of electrons

  8. Ionic Bonds: One Big Greedy Thief Dog!

  9. COVALENT BOND bond formed by the sharing of electrons

  10. 2. Covalent bonds- Two atoms share one or more pairs of outer-shell electrons. Oxygen Atom Oxygen Atom Oxygen Molecule (O2)

  11. Covalent Bonds: Unevenly matched, but willing to share.

  12. Metallic Bond • Formed between atoms of metallic elements • electrons are free to move • Good conductors of electric currents, very high melting points • Examples: Fe, Al, Au, Co

  13. Metallic Bonds: Mellow dogs with plenty of bones to go around.

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