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Proper Automotive Waste Management: Challenges and Solutions

Learn about environmental impact, worker safety, hazards, regulations, and waste generators in automotive waste management. Understand hazardous waste characteristics, disposal methods, and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).

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Proper Automotive Waste Management: Challenges and Solutions

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  1. Proper Automotive Waste Management - Problems By Christine Flowers and Raleigh Ross Sponsored by the California Integrated Waste Management Board

  2. Environmental Impact • Understanding The Environment • The Impact • A Global Approach • Global Warming • Depletion of the Ozone Layer • Air Pollution • Water Pollution

  3. Environmental Impact • Groundwater Depletion • Habitat Destruction and Species Extinction • Chemical Risks • Environmental Racism

  4. Worker Safety – Shop Safety • Floor clean-up • Battery safety • Fuel leaks • General awareness

  5. Worker Safety - Hazards • Inhalation Hazards • Dermal Absorption Hazards • Ingestion Hazards

  6. Worker Safety - Hazard Communication • “Worker’s Right to Know” • Hazard Communications Standard • Labeling of Hazardous Materials • Labeling of Hazardous Wastes • MSDS

  7. NFPA Hazard Rating - Fire Diamond

  8. Health Hazard • 0 - Ordinary Combustible Hazard in a Fire • 1 - Slightly Hazardous • 2 - Hazardous • 3 - Extreme Danger • 4 - Deadly

  9. Flammability • 0 - Will Not Burn • 1 - Will Ignite if Preheated • Flash point. above 200°F • 2 - Will Ignite if Moderately Heated • Flash point below 200°F • 3 - Will Ignite at Ambient Conditions • Flash point below 100°F • 4 - Burns Readily at Ambient Conditions • Flash point below 73°F

  10. Reactivity • 0 - Stable Even Under Fire Conditions and Not Reactive with Water • 1 - Unstable if Heated • 2 - Violent Chemical Change • 3 - Shock and Heat May Detonate • 4 - May Detonate at Normal Temperatures and Pressures

  11. Special Hazard • OX - Oxidizer • ACID - Acid • ALK - Alkali • COR - Corrosive • W - Use No Water, Reacts! • - Radioactive

  12. Regulations • What is Hazardous Waste? • The EPA defines wastes as hazardous if they exhibit a “characteristic”, or are on a “list” • Four Characteristics of an EPA Hazardous Waste: • Ignitability • Corrosivity • Reactivity • Toxicity • Determining if a Waste is Hazardous • Is Your Waste Hazardous?

  13. Ignitability • Ignitability - flash point of less than 140F • Parts washer petroleum solvents • Solvent-based paint waste • Waste kerosene or gasoline Introduction 1-8 (b)

  14. Corrosivity • Corrosivity - pH less than or equal to 2.0, or greater than or equal to 12.5 • Acid or alkaline cleaning solutions • Battery acid Introduction 1-8 (c)

  15. Reactivity • Reactivity - when mixed with water: reacts violently, forms explosive mixture, generates toxic gases, or contains cyanides or sulfides that are released when exposed to acid or alkaline materials, or is explosive. • Pressurized aerosol cans Introduction 1-8 (d)

  16. Toxicity • Toxicity - fails the "Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure" (TCLP) lab test for any one of 40 TCLP parameters. • Paint-contaminated wastes • Oil-contaminated wastes, such as used oil absorbent or rags. Introduction 1-8 (e)

  17. Acetone Nitrobenzene Toluene Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) Benzene F-Listed Hazardous Wastes • Methylene Chloride • 1,1.1-trichloroethane (TCE) • Chlorinated Fluorocarbons (freons) • Xylene • Wide variety of common wastes fond in vehicle maintenance shops. These include: Introduction 1-10 (a)

  18. Other Listed Hazardous Wastes • K-Listed Wastes - uncommon in vehicle maintenance operations. • P-Listed Wastes - acutely toxic chemicals in unused form only. • U-Listed Wastes - toxic commercial chemicals, off-specification products in unused form. Introduction 1-10 (c)

  19. Waste Generators • How Are Waste Generators Categorized? • What a Hazardous Waste Generator Must Do • What “CESQG” Means to Your Shop

  20. Material Safety Data Sheet An Overview

  21. Section 1Identity and General Info. • Manufacturer’s Name • Address • Emergency Phone Number • Information Phone Number • Date Prepared • Signature of Preparer

  22. Section 2 Hazardous Ingredients • Hazardous Components • Specific Chemical Identity/Common Names • OSHA PEL • Permissible Exposure Limit • ACGIH TLV • American Conference of Govt. Industrial Hygienists • Threshold Limit Value • Other Limits Recommended • Percentage (optional)

  23. Section 3 Phys./Chem. Characteristics • Boiling Point • Specific Gravity (H2O = 1) • Vapor Pressure (mm Hg) • Melting Point • Vapor Density (Air = 1) • Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate = 1) • Solubility in Water • Water Reactivity • Appearance and Odor

  24. Section 4Fire / Explosion Hazard Data • Flash Point (Method Used) • Auto-Ignition Temperature • Flammable Limits • LEL (Lower Explosion Limit) • UEL (Upper Explosion Limit) • Extinguishing Media • Special Fire Fighting Procedures • Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards

  25. Section 5Reactivity Data • Stability • Unstable • Conditions to Avoid • Stable • Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid) • Hazardous Decomposition or Byproducts • Hazardous Polymerization • May Occur • Conditions to Avoid • Will Not Occur

  26. Section 6Health Hazardous Data • Routes of Entry • Inhalation, Skin, Ingestion • Health Hazards (Acute and Chronic) • Carcinogencity • NTP, IARC, OSHA • Signs and Symptoms of Exposure • Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure • Emergency and First Aid Procedures

  27. Section 7Precautions - Safe Handling • Steps to Be Taken in Case Material is Released or Spilled • Waste Disposal Method • Precautions to Be Taken in Handling and Storing • Other Precautions

  28. Section 8Control Measures • Respiratory Protection • Ventilation • Local Exhaust, Special, Mechanical (General), Other • Protective Gloves • Eye Protection • Other Protective Clothing or Equipment • Work/Hygienic Practices

  29. Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS) HEALTH FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

  30. Health HEALTH • 0 - Minimal Hazard • No significant risk to health • 1 - Slight Hazard • Irritation or minor reversible injury possible • 2 - Moderate Hazard • Temporary or minor injury may occur • 3 - Serious Hazard • Major injury likely unless prompt action is taken and medical treatment is given

  31. Health HEALTH • 4 - Severe Hazard • Life threatening, major or permanent damage may result from single or repeated exposures Note: An asterisk (*) or other designation indicates that there may be chronic health effects present. See the MSDS for the material in question

  32. Flammability HEALTH FLAMMABILITY • 0 - Minimal Hazard • Materials that are normally stable and will not burn unless heated • 1 - Slight Hazard • Materials that must be preheated before ignition will occur. Flammable liquids in this category have flash points at or above 200ºF

  33. Flammability HEALTH FLAMMABILITY • 2 - Moderate Hazard • Materials that must be moderately heated before ignition will occur. Flammable liquids in this category have flash points at or above 100ºF and below 200ºF • 3 - Serious Hazard • Materials capable of ignition under almost all normal temperature conditions. Flammable liquids in this category have flash points below 73ºF and boiling points above 100ºF as well as liquids with a flash point between 73ºF and 100ºF

  34. Flammability HEALTH FLAMMABILITY • 4 - Severe Hazard • Very flammable gases or very volatile flammable liquids with flash points below 73ºF and boiling points below 100ºF

  35. Reactivity HEALTH FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY • 0 - Minimal Hazard • Materials that are normally stable, even under fire conditions, and will not react with water • 1 - Slight Hazard • Materials that are normally stable,but can become unstable at high temperatures and pressures. These materials may react with water, but they will not release energy violently

  36. Reactivity HEALTH FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY • 2 - Moderate Hazard • Materials that, in themselves, are normally unstable and that readily undergo violent chemical change, but will not detonate. These materials may also react violently with water • 3 - Serious Hazard • Materials that are capable of detonation or explosive reaction, but which require a strong initiating source or which must be heated under confinement before initiation; or materials that react explosively with water

  37. Reactivity HEALTH FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY • 4 - Severe Hazard • Materials that are readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition at normal temperatures and pressures

  38. Protective Equipment HEALTH FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY • Safety glasses • Face shield • Gloves • Respirator • Special clothing PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

  39. Chronic Effects • Chronic health effects are not rated because of the complex issues involved and the lack of standardized classifications and test. However, based on information provided by the manufacturer/supplier, chronic effects may be indicated by (1) an asterisk (*) or other designation after the health hazard rating corresponding to other information that may be available; or (2) written warnings in the upper white section of the HMIS label.

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