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Understanding Conditional Sentences and 'If' Clauses

This guide explores the intricacies of conditional sentences, focusing on 'if' clauses, their structure, and usage. It explains the three main types of conditions: real (first conditional), improbable (second conditional), and impossible (third conditional). With examples illustrating each condition type, learners will understand how to express probable actions and unreal situations. The explanation of verb tenses involved helps clarify how to form these sentences correctly. Practice exercises are included to reinforce learning and application of these concepts.

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Understanding Conditional Sentences and 'If' Clauses

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  1. Conditions What if…

  2. What if toes were teeth...

  3. But it’s an improbable reality…

  4. If I study hard, I will get an excellent mark. If-clauses If clause Main clause Condition Result

  5. What sort of result is this? possible? improbable? impossible?

  6. Examples of probable conditions • If you study hard, you will be well prepared for the test. • If you buy that mobile, you’ll be sorry. • If I don’t finish this project, the teacher will be mad.

  7. Uses of “if” clauses • You use this type of sentence when you want to express it is quite probable that the action in the if-clause will be done. • This refers to conditions that exist or are possible.

  8. Verb tenses involved... Examples of this condition • If João studies, he will get better marks. • If students don’t get enough sleep, they will have worse marks. • If you don’t eat breakfast, you will get hungry during class. If-clause = Simple Present Main clause = Future Simple

  9. Examples of conditions that are not true in the present or future • If I had enough money, I would take a trip to Hawaii. • If Joana knew Chinese, she could get a job in Beijing. • If I were you, I would believe in your abilities.

  10. Uses of “if”clauses 2. This condition is used when we don’t expect the action in the if-clause to take place; - When the supposition in the if-clause is contrary to known facts.

  11. Verb tenses involved... Examples of real conditions of fact in the past • If Ana believed in herself, she would certainly have good marks. • If Ricardo left before 9:00 a.m., he’d be here for lunch. • If Inês studied the leading forms, she would get the exercise right.. If-clause = "Simple Past" Main clause = Conditional

  12. What sort of result is this? possible? improbable? impossible?

  13. Summary

  14. Hermione, you say the first Condition is the possible condition? Harry Potter and… The 1st Condition Yeah, and I heard the main clause needs the Future… Exactly! That’s why the if-clause needs the Simple Present

  15. Good… She is ready! My daughter, what do you know about the 2nd Condition? What else my child? That the if-clause needs the Past, and the main clause the conditional. Father, I know that’s the improbable, or unreal condition, and…

  16. 1 Further Practice 2 3 4 5 1 Verb Tense Practice

  17. That's all for now!

  18. To be continued…

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