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Julie Gaertner University of Hawai`i Hilo

Identifying Sources of Microbial Pollution Using Traditional Microbial and Molecular Source Tracking Techniques. Julie Gaertner University of Hawai`i Hilo M.S. Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental Science. Microbial Methods. Clostridium perfringens. Enterococcus spp.

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Julie Gaertner University of Hawai`i Hilo

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  1. Identifying Sources of Microbial Pollution Using Traditional Microbial and Molecular Source Tracking Techniques Julie Gaertner University of Hawai`i Hilo M.S. Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental Science

  2. Microbial Methods Clostridium perfringens Enterococcus spp. Enumerated with Enterolert Kits by IDEXX Laboratories Inc. Photo Credit: Oxiod.com Photo Credit: Santuarysimon.org Enumerated by Membrane Filtration Method Bisson and Cabelli 1979.

  3. Molecular Method Human Specific Genetic Markers Bacteroidales 16S rRNA • Bacteroides-Prevotellagroup • Length heterogeneity PCR • Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) PCRdetection of human-specific Bacteroides genetic marker from sewage(Bower et al. 2005).

  4. Water Quality Parameters Salinity Temperature Specific Conductivity Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity pH Weather & Climate Data • Total Nitrogen • Total Dissolved Nitrogen • Nitrate + Nitrite • Ammonium • Total Phosphorus • Phosphate • Light Levels

  5. High Resolution GIS Mapping CYCLOPS-7 Optical Brightener Fluorometer Probe DataBank Data Logger – GPS Enabled Map Credit: Ambyr-Mokiao-Lee Photo Credit: Turnerdesigns.com

  6. Acknowledgements • Dr. Tracy Wiegner • Dr. Jon Awaya • Dr. Stephanie Molloy • Dr. Misaki Takabayashi • Dr. Mazen Hamad • Ambyr Mokiao-Lee • Eric Johnson • Lucas Mead • Narrissa Spies • Steven Bradshaw • University of Hawai`i Hilo EPSCoR Analytical • Hawai`i Department of Health

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