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Globalization

Globalization. Globalization. What are the characteristics of the globalization phenomenon ? What are the components of the globalization process How does this relate to history The same trend does not always have the same impact everywhere What are the pros and cons of Globalization?.

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Globalization

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  1. Globalization

  2. Globalization • What are the characteristics of the globalization phenomenon? • What are the components of the globalization process • How does this relate to history • The same trend does not always have the same impact everywhere • What are the pros and cons of Globalization?

  3. Globalization-Something New? • It’s been a long time coming, but now it is happening furiously fast—and that is part of the problem. • So, to “what is it?” and “why is it happening?” we have to add: “is the pace of globalization accelerating—and the answer is a definite “yes”

  4. Early Globalization

  5. Key Elements: THEN

  6. Key Elements--NOW

  7. What are the Components? 1. • Broad Category: Technology • Instant, cheap Worldwide Communications—cell phone, www(availability at the individual level) • International (instant)financial and capital transfers • Increased scale and frequency of air transport • Container ships

  8. Component 2 • Broad Category: Information • Instant dispersal of news by satellite TV, www, fax (but what news and whose?) • Competition is worldwide, not local or national • Very hard to keep a secret

  9. Components 3 • Broad Category: Culture • Increasingly a “global village,” but a Western one watching the same TV, music videos, news, soaps. Reaction to this? • Rise of a “global language.” Why? Whose? • Smaller cultures may feel threatened

  10. Component 4 • Broad Category: Environment and Health • Global environmental problems (Ozone, global “warming,” sea-level change • AIDS, Ebola, ?? • Global plunder of common pool resources—ocean, forests…..

  11. Component 5 • Broad Category: Crime and Terrorism • “International” crime, Russian Mafia • Terrorists in caves in Afghanistan threaten lower Manhattan • International crime does not play by the rules of “states,” and may be better organized than some, and “own” others.

  12. Component 6 • A global population? • The rich countries remain rich, and a declining proportion of world population • The poor countries remain poor, and a rapidly expanding part of the worlds population (95% of the growth) • Hence the pressure to move to the rich countries, legally or illegally

  13. The Information Revolution • The Internet • The WWW • Instant Dispersal of News & Information • The Rise of a Global Media Village? • The Personalization of communications: the cell/mobile phone system, and its increasing capacity.

  14. Information: Downside? • But, what information is becoming global? But whose news is becoming global? • What is this doing to cultures and communities? • Does Globalization = Westernization =Americanization? Does it matter? • Are we evolving a global language? What are the consequences of this?

  15. Is This Globalization?

  16. Who Manages Globalization? • There is no world government, so who regulates and controls the process? Mostly UN agencies, but they require the compliance of all member states, and the UN does not make law. • Do states ever put the global priority ahead of their own? Plus, we have rich, strong states, and poor weak ones.

  17. The “Real” World and the “Political” World This Or This----------- The big difference is, of course, that the one on the left will still be going in 2 billion years; the one on the right, well, don’t put money on it.

  18. Globalization—The Really Scary PartPart 1—the Good Old Days Plague Famine

  19. Globalization—The Really Scary PartPart 2—Today AIDS SARS EBOLA ? Melting Ice Sheets, Flooded Coasts, Global Warming? Terrorism

  20. Scarier Still • We have global crime—financial, drug-related etc., perhaps the largest single element in international trade • A Man in a cave in Afghanistan can kill 3000 people in lower Manhattan • International crime does not play by the rules of states—or anyone else—and may be better-equipped. $400,000,000,000

  21. To Recap: Globalization • Is Driven by Technology • Is seen as threatening cultures because it is equated with Westernization • Increases the pace at which everything happens: capital transfers, spread of disease, change of culture… • May be changing our global environment, but can states manage the globe? • Who runs the world????

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