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Sericulture Sericulture industry in Jammu & Kashmir State is of very old origin. The department of sericulture was created in the year 1889 under the monopolistic control of government to promote silk industry in the state. In this regard a very good infrastructure including mulberry nurseries, silkworm seed stations and silk reeling/weaving factories were established. Due to these efforts Jammu and Kashmir became one of the leading silk producing states. During those days sericulture was the only cash crop available to the farmers. By 1940, about 52000 families were engaged in this activity and the production of cocoon was as high as 15.00 lackgs. Silk yarn apart from its use as a textile fibre, was being utilized as material for parachutes. Department of Sericulture functions under the control of Ministry of Agriculture, Govt of Jammu and Kashmir
VISION Transform Sericulture and Silk Industry into a truly viable, profitable and sustainable enterprise MISSION Achieve green cocoon production of 1750 MT and Raw Silk Production of 270 MT at the end of 12th plan (2012-17) and 18000 MT & 2400 MT at the end of 15th plan (2027-31) with value addition and coupled with more and more employment generation.
ROAD MAP TO ACHIEVE TARGET OF 1750 MT OF COCOON PRODUCTION AT THE END OF 12th PLAN &12000 MT AT THE END OF 15th PLAN This will be achieved by vertical and horizontal expansion of Sericulture in the State.
SCHEMES UNDER IMPLEMENTION • Support for Raising Mulberry Tree Plantation in Cluster Form • Cluster development of Mulberry Plantation/Departmental Land • Supply of Rearing Appliance • Assistance for construction of Rearing Houses • Health Insurance Scheme for Women • Establishment of Hot Air Dryers. • Establishment of Reeling units • Incentive on Silk Yarn. • Establishment of Cocoon Bank • Establishment of Silk Exchange • Corpus funds for market intervention
SERICULTURE IN J&K • Ideal climatic conditions for quality Bivoltine cocoon production. • Sericulture a traditional practice. Rearing, reeling and weaving have been a tradition since ages • Availability of basic infrastructure with the state sericulture department. • Low level of industrialization- availability of farm/family labor • Increasing market demand for quality silk
Weakness • Silkworm rearing a part time occupation- only a single crop is raised • Poor quality of mulberry leaf, as leaf is harvested from scattered unmaintained mulberry trees • Poor infrastructure/inadequate rearing space with farmers • Huge yield gaps between lab and land • Knowledge deficit among farmers and weak extension • Lack of proper training among the basic extension workers • Lack of proper marketing of cocoons • Lack of good post cocoon sector- production of low grade silk from good quality silk cocoons • Incomplete value addition - inadequate backward and forward linkages • Non-involvement of Private Sector especially in mulberry sapling and silkworm seed production.
CONSTRAINTS • Leaf shortage • Low survival of mulberry saplings in field • Poor leaf quality • Lack of chawki gardens • Shortage of rearing houses • Poor rearing conditions • Non-availability of CRCs • Lack of training among farmers • Low returns from sericulture • Low land holding • Poor Quality of human resource • Lack of sound post-cocoon sector
FUTURE STRATGIES • Quality leaf production: • Rearing infrastructure: • Training for farmers • Mass disinfection drive: • Quality seed supply: • Silkworm hybrid for second rearing • Silkworm brushing calendar • Chawki rearing • Establishment of Chawki gardens • Disease monitoring and management: • Crop monitoring and marketing: • Model silk villages/clusters • Sound post cocoon sector • Mounting and seriposition • Skill development programs • Outsource major activities of DOS such as mulberry sapling production and silkworm seed production
Action plan for bivoltine cocoon /raw silk production for XII plan
Action plan for bivoltine cocoon /raw silk production for next 20 years
Year wise action plan for additional production of mulberry plants 12th Plan
Action plan for additional production of of mulberry saplings during next 20 years
Year wise proposed distribution of mulberry plants among farmers/departmental farms
Plan wise action plan for additional distribution of mulberry plants among farmers/departmental farms for plantation
SOME TIPS FOR MULBERRY SAPLINGS PRODUCTION Dept does have sufficient land to produce mulberry saplings while production cost is high. Establishment of Kisan nurseries in private sector is the option. Initially Dept can purchase saplings from Kisan Nurseries and supply to farmers Dept can also lease some land to SHGs for production of mulberry saplings, purchase and supply to farmers Dept can provide infrastructure and technology support to Kisan Nurseries or SHGs to produce quality mulberry saplings
ESTABLISHMENT OF KISSAN NURSERIES/OUSOURCING OF PLANT PRODUCTION. Land Holding 2 KANAL Cost for establishment of Poly House: (One time Investment)50,000 Plant Production per year: 3000 Production cost for 2 years @Rs 12/Plant: 36000 Returns on sale of 3000 Plants@Rs25/Plant: 75,000 Net earning from 1 Kanal of land (2yrs) on rotation basis : 39000
LAND holding - 4 KANAL • Cost for Establishment of poly house: Rs 100,000 (One time Investment) • Plant Production per year: Rs 6000 • Production cost for 2 years @Rs 12/Plant: Rs 72000 • Returns after sale of 3000 Plants @Rs25/Plant: Rs 150,000 • Net earning from 2 Kanal of land: Rs 78,000
SUGESSIONS TO OUTSOURCE SILKWOM SEED PRODUCTION AND CHAWKIE REARING Dept does not have enough manpower and infrastructure to produce silkworm seed as per the estimated demand The production cost is already high as compared to private sector Dept must outsource silkworm seed production and provide infrastructure and technology support to private entrepreneurs for seed production with check on quality standards Similarly CRCs can be established in private sector for supply of chawki worms to farmers All these initiatives will reduce burden on Govt and will bring in efficiency in the system and will make sericulture a self sustaining enterprise
(Rs lac) • Construction of Seed House : 3.00 • Equipment : 1.00 • PRODUCTION COST for 800 oz(Rs 300/oz) 2.40 • Procurement of 400 kg of seed cocoons for production of 800 oz of hybrid silkworm seed 1.00 • Labor for production of 800 oz of seed @ 1.0 M.D./oz 1.20 • Disinfectants /waste paper/craft paper etc 0.20 • Sale of 1 oz of Hybrid silkworm seed 0.00 45 • Net earnings from 800 oz of Seed 1.20 • (@Rs 150/-oz.) • ONE TIME INVESTMANT FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF SEED HOUSE IN PRIVATE SECTOR : 4.00
Year wise action plan for setting-up of additional incubation cum chawki rearing centres
Plan wise action plan for setting-up of incubation cum chawki rearing centres
ESTABLISHMENT OF CRC’S IN PRIVATE SECTOR • ONE TIME INVESTMANT = Rs 4.15 Lac • Construction of Chawki Rearing House = Rs 3.00 Lac • Equipment for CRC: Rs 1.00 Lac • Establishment of Chawki Rearing Garden of 2 kanal with 1800 Plants( Plant Spacing 2 x 3) : Rs 0.150 Lac • 3 year maintenance of garden = Rs 0.060 Lac • production cost for 100 oz of chawki reared worms = Rs 0.55 Lac (Rs 550/oz of Seed including cost of seed Rs 450/oz) • Sale of 1 oz of Chawki reared worms : Rs 800 • Net earnings from 100 oz of Chawki worms = Rs 25000
Establishment of additional Reeling, Weaving, Dyeing, Printing and Designing units 12thPLan
Establishment of Reeling, Weaving, Dyeing, Printing and Designing units in the State during next 20 years
Financial implications for Action plan for 20 years(Rs crore)
HUMAN RESOURCE REQUIRED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF POST COCOON SECTOR Joint Director Dy. Director Post Cocoon (Jammu) Dy. Director Post Cocoon (Kashmir) Total Office wise Staff Requirement (Fig in Nos.)
TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY Under transfer of technology Rearing Kits and Rearing Houses will be provided to farmers to increase cocoon production both quantitatively as well as qualitatively.
