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Global Slag Utilisation

Global Slag Utilisation. Nick Jones Slag Business Development Manager. Presentation Outline. Why utilise slag? MultiServ overview Types of slag handled / markets supplied A focus on steel slag Steel slag properties / benefits Case Studies Conclusions. Why Utilise Slag?. Historically

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Global Slag Utilisation

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  1. Global Slag Utilisation Nick Jones Slag Business Development Manager

  2. Presentation Outline • Why utilise slag? • MultiServ overview • Types of slag handled / markets supplied • A focus on steel slag • Steel slag properties / benefits • Case Studies • Conclusions

  3. Why Utilise Slag? • Historically • Either sent to landfill or de-metalled and sent to landfill – A WASTE • Current world- wide situation • Landfill becoming scarce or more expensive or both • Natural aggregate resources are becoming more difficult to develop • The environmental impact of Quarrying • The world is becoming more environmentally aware – planning for the future

  4. Why Utilise Slag? • When processed and marketed correctly, slag is not a waste, it is a resource • Why remove aggregate from the ground when slag can be used as a substitute (reduce waste – conserve resources) • Protect and preserve our environment • Benefit from technical advantages offered by many of the steel making slags • High performance products not necessarily low grade applications

  5. MultiServ Structure Europe North Europe South International Latin America North America Czech Rep. Finland Netherlands Norway Serbia Slovakia Sweden UK Belgium France Italy Luxembourg Portugal Spain Australia Bahrain China Egypt Indonesia New Zealand Saudi Arabia South Africa Thailand Argentina Brazil Chile Guatemala Mexico Peru Trinidad Venezuela Canada USA 30 36 22 34 40 +160 Operating Sites

  6. Types of Ferrous Slag Handled • Iron making slag • Air-cooled blast furnace slag • Granulated blast furnace slag • Melter slag • Steel making slag • BOF • EAF • Stainless • EAF • AOD

  7. Typical MultiServ Global Slag Sales * Europe, Asia, Middle East & Africa

  8. Global Slag Sales Breakdown Revenues based on “Global” averages per application

  9. Typical Slag Applications Stone Columns Sea Defences Dyke Repairs Agricultural Gabion Baskets Rail Ballast Filter Media Cement Road Surface Aggregates Asphalt Sub Bases (unbound) Road Bases (unbound) Bulk Fill Low Volume = Niche Applications High Volume = Bulk Applications

  10. Typical Applications • Road construction • Unbound • Slag bound • Asphalt • General construction • Fill • Unconfined – steel slag • Concrete • Non-structural – steel slag

  11. Typical Applications • Agriculture • Fertiliser • Soil conditioners • Environmental • Filtration • Waste water treatment • Recycling to steel mill • Ground stabilisation – Vibro-floatation • Mineral wool – insulation • Cement manufacture • Railway ballast

  12. Unbound applications • Germany – Sub-bases • Holland – sub-bases, slag bound mixtures • Pass environmental standards • Leachate tests – ground • Ensure that the slag is not placed in stagnant water conditions • UK – guidance for blast furnace slag – similar controls should apply

  13. Waste water treatment (NZ)

  14. Ground Stabilisation • MultiServ Saudi Arabia has supplied EAF steel slag from the Hadeed steel mill into stone column piling since Nov 1995 • Since that time 21 construction project have been supplied, consuming over 970,000 Tonnes of steel slag aggregate • The size fractions used are 19/37 for dry applications and 25/75 for wet

  15. Ground Stabilisation

  16. Typical Ground Stabilisation Project

  17. Steel Slag Steel Slag Feedstock for Cement Manufacture

  18. A Focus on Steel Slag

  19. Steel Slag Properties • Steel slag is an ideal aggregate for asphalt surfacing materials especially with regards to the following properties • Cubical Shape – Resistance to deformation • pH – Resistance to binder stripping – Durability – Porous asphalt • Resistance to polishing – Skid resistance - Safety • Resistance to abrasion – Durability

  20. Shape Resistance to Deformation

  21. Wheeltracker

  22. Wheeltracking Rate at 60oC

  23. Nottingham Asphalt Tester • Determines fundamental properties • Values are understood worldwide • Stiffness • Resistance to deformation • Fatigue

  24. pH-Affinity to Bitumen Durability

  25. SCRIM

  26. SFC Values for 14mm steel slag surface dressing laid in 1988

  27. Direct Comparison Between Steel Slag and High PSV Gritstone

  28. Grip Tester

  29. WARNING!FREE LIME

  30. Result of Expansive Slag in Asphalt

  31. Expansion Test

  32. Expansion Tests Equipment

  33. Expansion Test

  34. Case Studies • UK - Steelphalt – EAF and stainless steel slag into asphalt • Saudi Arabia – steel slag into asphalt • South Africa - BOS steel slag asphalt

  35. UK • MultiServ own their own Steel slag asphalt coating facility (SteelPhalt) in the UK • Started coating steel slag in 1934 • Since coated over 12 Million Tonnes • 100% utilisation of primary slag produced from four steel mills in the area • No primary slag tips in local area

  36. UK • Two asphalt plants – 640T Storage capacity • Asphalt Production 360,000 tpa • 220K Tonnes steel slag • 130K Tonnes carbon steel slag • 90K Tonnes stainless steel slag • 140K Tonnes limestone

  37. UK • UK • Steelphalt production 220KT/yr • carbon steel slag / stainless steel slag • CS EAF – surface course asphalt – all sizes • SS EAF – 3mm – metallic recovery • SS AOD – stabilised – base course asphalt • Supplies to local and National specification • Supplies proprietary thin surfacing systems in accordance with an independent product approval scheme • SteelPave - suite of thin surfacing systems • SteelSurf – for high stress applications

  38. Steelphalt Thin Surfacings

  39. SteelSurf

  40. Saudi Arabia • Saudi Arabia • Markets all its 450KT/yr of electric arc furnace steels slag • Two largest markets – • Road construction • Ground stabilisation • Boasts our largest road construction contract consuming over 700,000 tonnes of steel slag in: - • Unbound road base • Asphalt base course • Asphalt surface course

  41. Saudi Arabia – Road Construction +700KT of Steel Slag

  42. South Africa • South Africa 150 – 200KT/yr • Newly developed market • Aggregate for asphalt supply to busiest motorway in RSA • Large segregated stock of BOF steel slag • Highways authority had problems with local aggregate in asphalt • Premature deformation • Fines stripping in asphalt

  43. South Africa • Lab tests and site trials undertaken in partnership with local asphalt manufacturer to prove material properties and demonstrate advantages • Consulting engineer specifies slag to combat problems • Market has been established and is growing • Slag is now specified for its benefits • Experience and confidence gained from using slag from this one site will pave the way for extended use of slag from other sources across RSA

  44. Deformation

  45. N3 Patching - Trial

  46. Van Reenen’s Pass

  47. Conclusions • Steel slag is a resource, not a waste • Steel slag can be utilised as a high quality aggregate. • If processed correctly steel slag can be used as aggregate for a variety of applications giving benefits over and above many natural aggregates

  48. Conclusions • As the world reviews its environmental policies opportunities arise for increased use of industrial by-products • The use of steel slags can be a win-win result for the environment • Reduction of waste • Conservation of natural resources

  49. Thank You for Your AttentionAny Questions?

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