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Key Events Before and During the Holocaust: A Chronological Overview

This document outlines critical historical dates and events leading to the Holocaust and World War II, primarily focusing on Adolf Hitler's rise to power and the systematic persecution of Jews. Key moments include the appointment of Hitler as Reich Chancellor in 1933, the establishment of concentration camps like Dachau and Auschwitz, the enforcement of anti-Jewish laws, and the progression towards mass extermination. The timeline spans from the early 1930s to the end of World War II, highlighting both the tragic and significant moments of this dark period in history.

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Key Events Before and During the Holocaust: A Chronological Overview

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  1. Notetaking tips: Write down all dates. Write down names of people that are discussed for at least a page. Write down events that are discussed for at least a page or two.

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  6. 1-30-33 President Hindenburg appoints Adolf Hitler as Reichs Chancellor (Prime Minister). 3-5-33 Hitler takes full control of Germany. 3-20-33 First concentration camp, Dachau, established. 3-23-33 (Hitler) legislative authority. 5-10-33 Burning of books written by Jews and opponents of Nazism. 8-2-34 President Hindenburg dies. Offices of President and Chancellor combined. Hitler becomes sole leader (Fuhrer) and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. 7-16-37 Buchenwald concentration camp opens. Autumn-1937 Beginning of the systematic take over of Jewish property.

  7. 1-30-39 Hitler predicts in the parliament of the "extermination of the Jewish race in Europe" in the event of war. 9-1-39 Germany attacks Poland. World War II begins. 10-08-39 First ghetto 4-27-40 Himmler directive to establish a concentration camp at Auschwitz. 9-3-41 First gassing tests in Auschwitz. 1941.E.w.=l2 12-7-41 Japanese attack Pearl Harbor. Starting end of Mar-42 Arrival of initial transports of Jews at the concentration and extermination camps Auschwitz (Auschwitz I & Auschwitz II). 7-4-42 Start of mass gassings at Auschwitz.

  8. 12-17-42 Allies solemnly condemn the extermination of the Jews and promise to punish the perpetrators. 10-20-43 U.N. War Crimes Commission is established. 11-26-44 Himmler orders the destruction of the crematorium at Auschwitz-Birkenau, as Nazis try to hide evidence of the death camps.

  9. 8-6-45 First atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. 4-30-45 Hitler commits suicide. 1-17-45 Evacuation of Auschwitz. The "Death March" of prisoners begins. 8-15-45 Japan surrenders: End of World War II.

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