Food Hygiene

1. Food Hygiene Refresher Course www.i-hospitality.co.uk

2. The long history of food borne illnesses continues and is caused by unsafe practices What is Food Hygiene? www.i-hospitality.co.uk

3. ‘at risk’ groups include infants, pregnant women, elderly people and people with reduced immunity • there has been an upward trend in recorded cases of food poisoning over the last 15-20 years, but this has recently started to fall slightly • food can be contaminated by biological, physical and chemical hazards • the main cause of food poisoning is bacterial contamination At Risk Groups www.i-hospitality.co.uk

4. each bacterium is a single cell which can multiply and grow • there are different types of bacteria, for example: harmless, spoilage and pathogenic • some can turn into heat resistant forms called spores • bacteria need food, moisture, warmth and time to grow • high-risk foods provide nutrition and moisture for bacterial growth • bacteria grow best in the temperature danger zone 5°C - 63°C • bacteria grow more quickly around 37°C (human body temperature) • bacteria multiply by splitting into two (binary fission) • your senses (sight, taste, smell) cannot tell if food is contaminated by food poisoning bacteria Bacteria www.i-hospitality.co.uk

5. particular types of bacteria can cause food poisoning in different ways • most contamination comes from animal and human sources • regard all raw meats and their juices as contaminated with food posioning bacteria • other raw foods are also sometimes contaminated Bacteria Cont. www.i-hospitality.co.uk

6. many raw foods can carry bacteria • equipment and work surfaces can become contaminated with bacteria by raw foods, pests and by food handlers - so clean well and clean often • colour-coding helps to keep food safe • dirty wiping cloths spread bacteria! • maintain a high standard of personal hygiene • treat ready-to-eat foods with care Contamination www.i-hospitality.co.uk

7. food handlers have legal responsibilities to maintain high standards of personal hygiene • the human body has bacteria on it and in it • wash your hands regularly • your hands can transfer bacteria from yourself to food, work-surfaces and equipment • do not wear jewellery • keep wounds covered by coloured waterproof dressings • make sure your protective clothing is clean • no smoking in food rooms • you must report illness Personal Hygiene www.i-hospitality.co.uk

8. 3 point strategy for pest control: prevent access - deny pests favourable conditions - report signs of pests • pests seek food, warmth and shelter - take steps to keep them out • domestic pets should be kept out the food area • report problems to your supervisor, get rid of any contaminated food and store food safely • do not allow the outside environment to become attractive to pests Pest Control www.i-hospitality.co.uk

9. separate ‘clean’ from ‘dirty’ areas • workflow: Delivery ð Storage ð Preparation ð Service • surfaces must be clean and durable (avoid using wood) • good lighting and ventilation with plenty of space to work efficiently are desirable • ensure safe waste disposal Kitchen Design www.i-hospitality.co.uk

10. cook food thoroughly • keep hot food hot • keep cold food cold • keep prepared food out of the Temperature Danger Zone • reheated cooked food must be ‘piping hot’ throughout • check fridge and freezer temperatures regularly • thaw bulky items completely before cooking • dry stores must be cool, dry, clean and ventilated • store food off the floor Temperatures www.i-hospitality.co.uk

11. choose the correct type of cleaning for the current task • use the correct chemicals for the cleaning involved • follow safe and efficient cleaning procedures • remove rubbish regularly Chemicals www.i-hospitality.co.uk

12. the main legal responsibilities are the concern of owners and proprietors, but Everyone who works with food must obey the law • the law is enforced by EHOs • the law covers premises, people and practices • all food businesses must reduce or eliminate hazards in food Legal Responsibilities www.i-hospitality.co.uk