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Understanding English Colonization and Its Lasting Impact on American Society

This course, led by Instructor Carol Jean Cox, delves into the motivations behind English colonization, examining how economic interests, overpopulation, and religious factors shaped early American society. Students will explore the evolution of English heritage, including governance, law, and economics, and learn about the various Protestant denominations that influenced colonial life. The course also covers colonial charters and their role in establishing local governance, setting the stage for the development of modern American democracy.

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Understanding English Colonization and Its Lasting Impact on American Society

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  1. ENTER THE ENGLISH Instructor: Carol Jean Cox

  2. Enter The English • A. Motives for English Colonization • B. Our English Heritage • C. Protestant Denominations • D. Colonial Charters

  3. Enter The English dominant group in America today • A. Motives for English Colonization • 1). To weaken Spain, France, Portugal, Holland • 2). Mercantilism • a. possession of colonies as markets/ sources of materials • b. favorable balance of trade • c. supply of gold & silver

  4. Enter The English • A. Motives for English Colonization • Background Notes • France/Spain government controlled & paid for colonies, • English colonies paid for by private investment • North American Colonies • 1607 1st permanent colony - Jamestown VA • 1/2 died in colonies - ship loads to replenish

  5. Enter The English • A. Motives for English Colonization • Background Notes • Adam Smith (1776 Englishman Wealth of Nations) • State Capitalism (State Controls) • local merchants bring taxes • no new taxes unless new territories • capitalist idea - tax to benefit the mother country • private individuals invest money under the control of the King • (successful merchant in London, invests in New World • requires a CHARTER or contract (controlled investment)

  6. Enter The English • A. Motives for English Colonization • 3. Overpopulation in England • Enclosure movement- fencing off land for sheep ,- kick tenants off - • sent population into cities around 1600's • crime up - homeless transients • 4. Spread Protestant Christianity • Indians - no religion (they thought) • Spanish - Catholic • Puritans/religious persecution?

  7. Enter The English • A. Motives for English Colonization • 1). To weaken Spain, France, Portugal, Holland • 2). Mercantilism • 3. Overpopulation in England • 4. Spread Protestant Christianity

  8. Enter The English • A. Motives for English Colonization • B. Our English Heritage • C. Protestant Denominations • D. Colonial Charters

  9. Enter The English • B. Our English Heritage • 1. Government • Libertarianism • "freedom in thought and conduct" • 1215 Magna Carta • statement of rights of nobility • Parliament over the King “evolution of a representative democracy” • King becomes a figurehead eventually • Parliament elects Prime Minister • House of Lords • House of Commons (title-less wealthy)

  10. Enter The English • B. Our English Heritage • 2. Religion • Strong connection between church & states • Anglicans - Virginia • Puritans - New England • Catholic Maryland • strong anti-Catholic feeling in U.S. • example Kennedy being the 1st Catholic Pres.

  11. Enter The English • B. Our English Heritage • 3. Economics • a businessman's country • entrepreneurs - a capitalistic country • England later a dominant industrial country U.S. follows • Private investment in U.S. colonies by individuals • Right of Property

  12. Enter The English • B. Our English Heritage • 4. Society • elements of society from England • Ethnocentric concept failing to understand another culture • preoccupied with own culture • English colonizing rest of the world looked down on other ethnic groups • Females roles, Sports, Settlement Patterns

  13. Enter The English • B. Our English Heritage • 5. Law (tradition) • Anglo-Saxon & Roman • Trial by Jury - comes out of Middle Ages - • becomes an issue in colonial America

  14. Enter The English • B. Our English Heritage • 1. Government • 2. Religion • 3. Economics • 4. Society • 5. Law (tradition)

  15. Enter The English • A. Motives for English Colonization • B. Our English Heritage • C. Protestant Denominations • D. Colonial Charters

  16. Enter The English • C. Protestant Denominations • Protestant Reformation - Martin Luther • German Catholic priest • condemned use of priests • spoke out/ need to reform church • PRIESTHOOD OF INDIVIDUAL - can pray directly • Luther excommunicated • PROTEST standing of Catholic Church • LUTHERANISM replaced priest with hierarchy of officials

  17. Enter The English • A. Motives for English Colonization • B. Our English Heritage • C. Protestant Denominations • D. Colonial Charters

  18. Enter The English • D. Colonial Charters "grants of land to individuals or groups to establish settlements & develop land" • 1. land grants map "sea to sea" • 2. types of grants • a. self governing • b. proprietary • c. royal • 3. land grants were later the basis for establishing states • 4. original colonial government structure (charter) determined division of the north & south

  19. Enter The English • A. Motives for English Colonization • B. Our English Heritage • C. Protestant Denominations • D. Colonial Charters

  20. ENTER THE ENGLISH Instructor: Carol Jean Cox

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