Writing 1

1. Writing 1 Katherine Howard Process Paragraph

2. Do Now • Put your Like-Journal in the box. • Get out your notecards. • Find someone you haven’t met yet and sit next to that person. What gets wetter and wetter the more it dries? a towel

3. Today • Like Journals • Review topic sentence, support sentences, details, transitions and conclusions. • Read an article • Practice topic sentences • Discuss pre-writing techniques • Begin writing a paragraph

4. The Paragraph is a Sandwich Topic Sentence bread Transition cheese Detail lettuce Support Sentence meat Conclusion bread

5. I didn’t understand what he was saying to me. Notecards About an hour later, the train stopped. A few minutes later, I realized I was in Germany! • Get out your notecards. • Shuffle them so they are not in order. • Switch with a partner. • Order the notecards using time words to help you figure out where things go. The conductor came up to me and asked me a question. Next, I took my bags and boarded the train. First, I bought my ticket. When I was 16, I went to Belgium by myself and took a train to see my grandfather. They were heavy and it took me a while to get them on the train. I had a hard time because I didn’t know the language well.

6. Turn-in Notecards

7. Narratives Goldilocks and the Three Bears One sunny day, Goldilocks was out for a walk and came across a house. She went inside.First, she went into the kitchen and found three bowls of porridge. She tasted the first bowl. It was too hot. She tasted the second bowl. It was too cold. She tasted the third bowl. It was just right. She ate it all up. Next, she went into the living room and saw three chairs. She tried out the first chair. It was too hard. She tried the second chair. It was too soft. She tried the third chair. It was just right. Uh-oh! The chair broke! Finally, she went into the bedroom and saw three beds. She tried the first bed. It was too flat. She tried the second bed. It was too bumpy. She tried the third bed. It was just right! She fell asleep. About an hour later, the bears came home and they found her sleeping in Baby Bear’s bed. They woke her up. She was so scared that she screamed. She jumped out of the bed and ran home. Goldilocks learned never to go into someone’s house when that person isn’t home.

8. Puzzling Question How did Goldilocks get in?

9. Process Paragraph There are many types of paragraphs. Some show a series of steps. This is called a process paragraph. Process paragraphs show time order. They discuss how to do something. They list things in the order in which someone will accomplish them.

10. Topic Sentence A process paragraph begins with a topic sentence that names the topic and tells the reader to look for a process or procedure. Use words such as steps, procedure, directions, suggestions, and instructions. • You can teach your dog to fetch in a very short time by following this procedure. • Making a pizza is easy if you follow these instructions. • Follow these steps to throw a Frisbee accurately.

11. Topic Sentences are Important! Pg 39 – Chapter 3 The topic sentence is the most important sentence in a paragraph. It has two parts: a topic and a controlling idea. The topic names the subject of the paragraph. The controlling idea tells what the paragraph will say about the topic.

12. Topic Sentence A process paragraph also has a controlling idea. This is the specific information you will discuss about the topic. It limits the topic. It helps you come up with a reason to write. And gives the reader a questionable statement. • You can teach your dog to fetch in a very short time by following this procedure. • Making a pizza is easy if you follow these instructions. • Follow these steps to throw a Frisbee accurately.

13. Discuss With a partner talk about what information the paragraph for each of the following topic sentences might contain. • To have a very elaborate wedding, follow these procedures. • A simple wedding is easy if you follow these directions. • Having a wedding in an unusual location can be fun if you take several steps.

14. Where does the topic sentence go? Pg 40 The topic sentence is usually the first sentence in a paragraph. Experienced writers sometimes put topic sentences at the end, but the best place is usually right at the beginning. A topic sentence at the beginning of a paragraph gives readers an idea of what they will read. This helps them understand the paragraph easily. NO SURPRISES!!!

15. Summary • Topic – what the whole paragraph will be about. It is the subject of the whole paragraph. • Controlling idea – relates to the topic. It is the part of the sentence which provides a questionable statement. It explains what kind of information you will provide throughout the paragraph.

16. General vs Specific SPORTS soccer watching baseball hockey playing swimming basketball

17. General vs Specific A topic sentence is neither too general, nor too specific. SPECIFC The average age for people in the United States to marry in the year 2000 was 25 for a woman and 27 for a man. GENERAL Marriage is an event in a person’s life. JUST RIGHT The average age for people in the United States to marry has changed in the past 100 years.

18. General vs Specific Place a check next to the sentences that are good topic sentences. • It is estimated that 20 percent of Japanese marriages are arranged. • In Japan, there are two types of marriage. • Digital cameras have several advantages over film cameras. • Digital cameras take photos. • Digital cameras are composed of small squares, just like a tiled kitchen floor or bathroom wall. • 6. Learning the meanings of abbreviations used in the field of technology is like learning a new language.

19. General vs Specific 7. PC, PDA, GPS, and Wifi are abbreviations. 8. A PDA can perform a variety of useful functions. 9. Consider these four factors when choosing a college. 10. Golden retriever dogs have certain characteristics that make them good family pets. 11. I am considering event planning as a career. 12. A paramedic should have three characteristics.

20. Pg 94-95 – Chapter 6 A process paragraph explains how to make or do something, so they are also called how to paragraphs. To explain how to do something clearly, break the process down into a series of steps and explain each step.

21. Process Topic Sentence Pg 42 – C1 First of all, teachers must know their subject very well. At a minimum, they should take several college courses and pass a written test in every subject that they teach. Also, they should take refresher classes every few years to keep their knowledge up-to-date. Third, teachers should take education classes in college to learn how to teach. Fourth, they should have spent at least on year practice-teaching. Practice-teaching is teaching real children in a real classroom under the supervision of an experienced teacher. Only after a person has met these requirements should he or she receive a teaching license. Write a the topic sentence for this paragraph. To obtain a teaching license, students should follow a number of procedures.

22. How to Build a One-Match Campfire pg 95 Building a campfire that you can light with one match is simple if you follow these easy steps. The first step is to prepare a safe place for your campfire. Clear an area on the ground at least 3 feet wide, and put a circle of stones around it. Second, gather fuel. You will need several sizes of fuel: small twigs, medium sticks, and large sticks. The next step is to build a tepee. Put a handful of twigs in a small pile and use the small sticks to build a small tepee over the pile. Leave spaces large enough to drop a lighted match through. Next, build a cabin around the tepee using the medium sticks. Fifth, place two large pieces of wood on either side of the cabin, and lay two or three long sticks on top to make a loose roof. The last step is to light a match and drop it through a space in the tepee. Soon you will enjoy the warmth of a nice fire, and your friends will admire your skill at lighting a campfire with only one match!

23. Questions • What is the topic sentence? • Topic • Controlling Idea • How many steps are there? • What does the last sentence do?

24. How to Build a One-Match Campfire Building a campfire that you can light with one match is simple if you follow these easy steps. The first step is to prepare a safe place for your campfire. Clear an area on the ground at least 3 feet wide, and put a circle of stones around it. Second, gather fuel. You will need several sizes of fuel: small twigs, medium sticks, and large sticks. The next step is to build a tepee. Put a handful of twigs in a small pile and use the small sticks to build a small tepee over the pile. Leave spaces large enough to drop a lighted match through. Next, build a cabin around the tepee using the medium sticks. Fifth, place two large pieces of wood on either side of the cabin, and lay two or three long sticks on top to make a loose roof. The last step is to light a match and drop it through a space in the tepee. Soon you will enjoy the warmth of a nice fire, and your friends will admire your skill at lighting a campfire with only one match! Suggestion / advice

25. Remember! • You want a process topic sentence! • Use words such as steps, procedure, directions, suggestions, and instructions. • Discuss how-to or explain the steps you took to do this task.

26. Practice Topic Sentences Pg 96 With a partner, write a topic sentence for each of the following. ONLY A TOPIC SENETENCE! • How to register for classes at your school. • How to meet people in a new place • How to get the job of your dreams • How to prepare for a job interview • How to live on a tight budget • How to make ceviche, sushi, satay, egg rols, dulce de leche, or any dish popular in your culture • How to make a pinata, a cofetti egg, a decorated egg, a May basket, a paper flower, or any creaft item • How to change the oil in a car, a flat tire, build a kite, catch a fish or crab, or any other skill

27. Puzzling Question How did Goldilocks get in? Topic Sentence: To get into the house, Goldilocks did several things. Goldilocks and The Three Bears is a narrative. It tells a story. How she got in a Process Paragraph. To + topic with controlling idea, + subject + process step statement.

28. Now that you know how to write a topic sentence, it’s time to pick a topic!PREWRITING is important.

29. This is so important when writing! You want to plan and organize your writing!

30. Pg 16 – Chapter 1 The first step in writing a paragraph is called prewriting. Prewriting is a way to get ideas. In this step, you will choose a topic and collect ideas to explain the topic. Listing. There are several techniques you can use to get ideas. In this chapter, you will practice a technique called listing.

31. Puzzling Question How did Goldilocks get in? Topic Sentence: To get into the house, Goldilocks did several things. Goldilocks and The Three Bears is a narrative. It tells a story. How she got in a Process Paragraph. What SEVERAL THINGS did she do?

32. Listing is on pg. 16 How to Get into a House With a partner, discuss all the steps. Use personal experience as a guide. Make a list. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Ring the doorbell These are your supporting sentences. Take out the credit card Try to open the door Go around back and try that door Check the window Use the card to get into the house Are these in order from the first to the last? How can you re-arrange them?

33. List Steps Pg 96 Select one prompt. List the steps to complete this process. • How to register for classes at your school. • How to meet people in a new place • How to get the job of your dreams • How to prepare for a job interview • How to live on a tight budget • How to make ceviche, sushi, satay, egg rols, dulce de leche, or any dish popular in your culture • How to make a pinata, a cofetti egg, a decorated egg, a May basket, a paper flower, or any creaft item • How to change the oil in a car, a flat tire, build a kite, catch a fish or crab, or any other skill

34. Select a topic from pg 96 Make a list of all the steps/procedures. Place them in time order. Time Order Signals pg 97

35. Organization Outlines help you organize your information.

36. Draft a Paragraph

37. After we pre-write, we write a draft!

38. As You Write… Unity: all sentences are related to the topic. Coherence: all sentences are in order and flow.

39. Unity Unity means that the paragraph is all about one topicWe want all our sentences within the paragraph to relate to the topic sentence. If it doesn’t support the topic sentence or give more information about a detail, we don’t want it in that paragraph! Look at the five sentences below. Decide which sentences could be added to the Goldilocks Story. Decide where in the story these sentences should go. Then decide, which sentences should not be added. Why should these sentences not be added? • The bears asked, “Who are you? What are you doing in our house?” • She tried to glue the chair back together but she just messed it up more so she left it. • Goldilocks’ mother was very worried about her. • Goldilocks was very hungry. • She was wearing a red dress.

40. Coherence A paragraph is cohesive when all the sentences are in the correct order and flow together.They make sense. If we told the Goldilocks Story with the events out of order, our paragraph is not cohesive. If we didn’t use time transitions, our paragraph wouldn’t be cohesive. If we added a detail in the wrong place, our paragraph would not be cohesive. Look at the Goldilocks Story below. It is not cohesive. Why? One sunny day, Goldilocks was out for a walk and came across a house. She went inside. Goldilocks was very hungry. She went into the living room and saw three chairs. She tried out the first chair. It was too hard. She tried the second chair. It was too soft. She tried the third chair. It was just right. Uh-oh! The chair broke! Before that, she went into the kitchen and found three bowls of porridge. She tasted the first bowl. It was too hot. She tasted the second bowl. It was too cold. She tasted the third bowl. It was just right. She ate it all up. About an hour later, the bears came home and they found her sleeping in Baby Bear’s bed. Finally, she went into the bedroom and saw three beds. She tried the third bed. It was just right! She fell asleep. When she had tried the first bed, it was too flat and the second bed was too bumpy. They woke her up. She was so scared that she screamed. She jumped out of the bed and ran home. Goldilocks learned never to go into someone’s house when that person isn’t home. Confusing!

41. Coherence A paragraph is cohesive when all the sentences are in the correct order and flow together.They make sense. If we told the Goldilocks Story with the events out of order, our paragraph is not cohesive. If we didn’t use time transitions, our paragraph wouldn’t be cohesive. If we added a detail in the wrong place, our paragraph would not be cohesive. Look at the Goldilocks Story below. It is not cohesive. Why? One sunny day, Goldilocks was out for a walk and came across a house. She went inside. Goldilocks was very hungry. She went into the living room and saw three chairs. She tried out the first chair. It was too hard. She tried the second chair. It was too soft. She tried the third chair. It was just right. Uh-oh! The chair broke! Before that, she went into the kitchen and found three bowls of porridge. She tasted the first bowl. It was too hot. She tasted the second bowl. It was too cold. She tasted the third bowl. It was just right. She ate it all up. About an hour later, the bears came home and they found her sleeping in Baby Bear’s bed. Finally, she went into the bedroom and saw three beds. She tried the third bed. It was just right! She fell asleep. When she had tried the first bed, it was too flat and the second bed was too bumpy. They woke her up. She was so scared that she screamed. She jumped out of the bed and ran home. Goldilocks learned never to go into someone’s house when that person isn’t home. Confusing!

42. Formatting 1 paragraph Process Paragraph

43. We use a rubric to grade our work.

44. RUBRIC: This is the sheet that explains how you are graded.

45. RUBRIC: 40 points Organization and Content: • Introduction:The paragraph begins with a topic sentence. • Body:The paragraph has supporting material: facts, details, examples. Essay demonstrates unity and coherence. Appropriate transitions (first, then, next, finally, etc.) are used to link paragraphs. • Conclusion: The conclusion summarizes the main points or restates the thesis statement. It begins with a conclusion signal and leaves the reader with the writer’s final thoughts on the topic.

46. Rubric: 50 points Grammar, Sentence Structure, and Mechanics: • Grammar: S-V agreement; Verb Forms and Verb Tenses; Clauses; Articles and Prepositions; Pronoun Reference, Word Order, Singular-Plural Forms, Missing subjects or verbs. • Sentence Structure: The essay demonstrates some sentence variety – simple, compound and complex sentences. Some Missing Verbs/Subjects • Mechanics and Format: The essay demonstrates correct use of punctuation, commas, and capitalization. Title centered; first line of each paragraph indented; margins on both sides; text double-spaced; student’s name, date, course number in the upper left corner of the page.

47. Rubric: 10 points Vocabulary: • Writer attempts to use vocabulary appropriate for academic writing. Writer demonstrates knowledge of word forms. Writer demonstrates some knowledge of synonyms. Spelling is mostly accurate.

48. Grammar Point pg 7 • Look at the Capitalization Rules on pg 7. • Memorize these rules! • Complete pg 8 and 9 using the rules. • Make sure to use correct capitalization rules when writing your paragraph. • CHECK YOUR CAPITALIZATION before you turn in your paragraph next week!

49. HOMEWORK Write a paragraph with a topic sentence, support sentences, transitions, details, and a conclusion about the prompt you did prewriting on. Turn in next week for grade. Make sure to check your capitalization! *Make sure to turn in your pre-writing! I want to see the list attached to the paper.

50. Next Week • Come with your paragraph. • We will conference together for 5-7 minutes individually. • We will take a practice exam called a timed-writing. You will have 70 minutes to write on a specific prompt.