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CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY. Chemistry is the study of the composition of substances and the changes that substances undergo. Branches of Chemistry. Organic Chemistry is the chemistry of Carbon (except pure C, CO 2 , CO, CO 3 2- ) Inorganic Chemistry is the chemistry of other elements Analytical Chemistry

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CHEMISTRY

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  1. CHEMISTRY Chemistry is the study of the composition of substances and the changes that substances undergo.

  2. Branches of Chemistry Organic Chemistry is the chemistry of Carbon (except pure C, CO2, CO, CO32-) Inorganic Chemistry is the chemistry of other elements Analytical Chemistry Involves chemical analysis both qualitative and quantitative.

  3. Biochemistry is chemistry of biological systems Physical Chemistry is the physics end of chemistry

  4. MATTER Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.

  5. Classification of Matter

  6. States of Matter Solids have a definite shape and volume. Liquids have a fixed volume and take the shape of the container. Gases take both the shape and the volume of its container.

  7. Gas vs Vapour A gas is a substance that is normally gaseous at room temperature. For example oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), Helium (He). A vapour is a substance in the gaseous state and is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature. For example water vapour in the air

  8. PHYSICAL PROPERTY A physical property is a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed ormeasured without changing the substance’s composition. Examples include colour, solubility, mass, odour, hardness, density, electrical conductivity, melting point, and boiling point.

  9. Physical Properties of Some Common Substances Gold (Au) solid at room T, yellow, lustrous, soft, ductile, malleable, excellent electrical conductor Mercury (Hg) liquid at room T, odourless, very dense, excellent electrical conductor Oxygen (O2) gas at room T, odourless

  10. Physical Change Altering a substance without changing its chemical composition. Examples include: melting/freezing, boiling, cutting, grinding, bending, or change in temperature

  11. Chemical Properties Properties of a substance which can be observed when the substance undergoes a change in chemical composition Examples include reactivity with oxygen—for example flammability & rusting; reactivity with water; reactivity with acids, etc.

  12. Chemical Change is a change that alters the composition of matter. For example rusting, baking, cooking—any chemical reaction that produces a new compound. Combustion of methane, CH4, CH4(g) + 2 O2(g)  CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) Reduction of CuO CuO(s) + CH4(g)  Cu(s) + CO2(g) +H2O(g)

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