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DREN IPv6 Implementation Update

DREN IPv6 Implementation Update. Joint Techs Workshop Feb 2005 Salt Lake City, UT. Ron Broersma DREN Chief Engineer High Performance Computing Modernization Program ron@spawar.navy.mil. Context. Historical 2001 – DREN IPv6 testbed Wide area Dedicated hardware – 10 “core” nodes.

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DREN IPv6 Implementation Update

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  1. DREN IPv6 Implementation Update Joint Techs Workshop Feb 2005 Salt Lake City, UT Ron Broersma DREN Chief Engineer High Performance Computing Modernization Program ron@spawar.navy.mil DREN IPv6 Update

  2. Context • Historical • 2001 – DREN IPv6 testbed • Wide area • Dedicated hardware – 10 “core” nodes. • Native IPv6 over partial ATM mesh • 2003 – DoD and IPv6 • DoD CIO issues memorandum to transition by 2008 • DREN chosen as the DoD “pilot implementation” • 2003/2004 – DoD “pilot” on DREN production network • dual stack, native, running on production DREN network • 2004/2005 – additional efforts • site deployment, multicast, DHCP/DNS, mobility • Within DoD… • Each of the services (Army, Navy, Air Force) developing their own transition plans for the “operational networks”. • Most will not begin implementation for a year or more • Most will not be complete until after 2008 • DREN is DoD’s “research network”, and is transitioning now. • Chartered to support the DoD HPC community, and other R&D organizations. DREN IPv6 Update

  3. DREN Today • 10 “core nodes” on OC-192 backbone (CONUS), with OC-12 extensions to Hawaii and Alaska. • About 100 sites (“Service Delivery Points”), connected at DS-3 to OC-48 rates. • IPv4 unicast and multicast, IPv6 unicast, and ATM services now. • Dual IPv6 networks (“testbed”, and “production”) • “jumbo-clean” (i.e. 9K MTU everywhere) • Multiple security levels. • Both unclassified and classified networks DREN IPv6 Update

  4. DREN “production” network DREN IPv6 Update

  5. DRENv6 “testbed”Logical Topology Cisco AIX-v6 C&W Global Crossing 6TAP Abilene FIX-West Hurricane Electric Abilene LAVAnet TIC WPAFB Dayton NTTCom Verio ARL JITC HP Aberdeen Tunnel broker WCISD San Diego SD-NAP SDSC AOL SSC San Diego Wash D.C. SPRINT HICv6 (Hawaii) NRL Vicksburg Albuquerque SSC Charleston SSAPAC ERDC AFRL Kirtland AFB Stennis vBNS+ ATM PVC (OC-3) NAVO IXP Core Router tunnel DREN IPv6 Update ISP or BGP Neighbor “site”

  6. DREN IPv6 philosophy • Push the “I believe” button, and turn on IPv6 everywhere to see what works (and what doesn’t) • Do it in a production environment • can get away with this in an R&D environment, but not on operational networks. • Go native. (no tunnels) • Even if the world doesn’t convert for years, R&D environments need it now. • Figure out how to deploy IPv6 to the rest of DoD in the future. DREN IPv6 Update

  7. 2003/2004 DREN IPv6 Initiative • DoD IPv6 Pilot network • Goals for 2004 • IPv6 enabled DREN infrastructure (all Service Delivery Points, the Wide Area Network, the NOC). Done • Facilitate IPv6 deployment into infrastructure at HPC user sites and DREN user sites. Done • IPv6 enabled HPCMPO, HPCMP funded assets and services, HPCMP user community support applications, selected user application candidates. Partial completion • Performance and Security as good as existing IPv4 service. Done • Provide product feedback, lessons learned, published via web. Done DREN IPv6 Update

  8. Some things we learned • Many security components are missing. • 1 + 1 > 2 • managing 2 IP networks (IPv4, IPv6) can be more than double the complexity due to new interactions. Making topologies congruent can minimize this effect. • Site deployment – little priority for IPv6 • Lack of applications support DREN IPv6 Update

  9. Lack of Security Features (Examples) • Router Access Control Lists (ACLs) • Juniper doesn’t support “tcp established” • Vulnerability Assessment (Scanners) • ISS doesn’t support IPv6 and has no published plans to do so. • NESSUS doesn’t support IPv6 (yet) • Intrusion Detection Systems • If we want IPv6 support, we have to add it ourselves. • Juniper port mirroring doesn’t support IPv6 • IPSEC • Missing in most IPv6 implementations • Juniper ASPIC doesn’t support IPv6 (until much later) • Firewalls • Until recently, no production quality IPv6 support • Netscreen (Juniper): • no OSPFv3, only RIP • IPv6 support only available in certain products It is crucial that IPv6 products have equivalent functionality to the IPv4 world DREN IPv6 Update

  10. DoD Security Model • “Defense in Depth” • Protections at multiple levels • Problem: How to securely deploy IPv6 in DoD without these components. S Scanners LAN Firewall IDS ACL WAN ACL IDS Internet DREN IPv6 Update

  11. Overcoming the security issue (workaround) • Use DRENv6 testbed for transit to Internet • use to peer with rest of IPv6 enable Internet and other testbeds • continue to operate as an “untrusted” IPv6 network • Enable IPv6 on new DREN2 (MCI) production network. • Dual stack everywhere. • Establish trusted gateways between v6 enabled DREN2 and the DRENv6 testbed • Upgrade HPC Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) to be v6-compliant, monitored by the HPC Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT), and install at the trusted gateways. • Install v6 version of standard DREN v4 Access Control Lists (ACLs) to protect pilot network to same level as IPv4 production network. • DREN customers receive “safe” native IPv6 service via existing service delivery point (SDP), in parallel with IPv4 service. DREN IPv6 Update

  12. DREN IPv6 transition architecture – FY04 To 6bone, Abilene, and other IPv6 enabled ISPs IPv6 demonstrations (Moonv6) links run native IPv6 where possible, otherwise tunnelled in IPv4 DRENv6 (Testbed) Native IPv6 backbone ARL-APG SSCSD ERDC Testbed at DREN site Testbed at DREN site NIDSv6 NIDSv6 v6 ACL v6 ACL NIDSv6 v6 ACL sdp.erdc DREN2 (Production / Pilot) sdp.sandiego sdp.arlapg Dual stack IPv4 and IPv6 wide area infrastructure sdp sdp sdp Goal: As secure as the IPv4 backbone Type “A” (IP) production service to DREN sites IPv4 and IPv6 provided over the same interface DREN IPv6 Update

  13. Site Security Solution(Example – SPAWAR) • SPAWAR Intrusion Detection System (IDS) modified to support IPv6 • Netscreen Firewall operating “beta” release with IPv6 support in parallel with production firewall. DREN2 (Pilot) WAN IPv4 unicast and multicast services + IPv6 unicast SPAWAR Border router (Juniper M20) IDS IPv6 IPv4 Netscreen 2000 Firewall Netscreen 208 Firewall Note: Netscreen (Juniper) now has mainstream IPv6 support for some models. IPv6 Firewall Production Firewall switch to LAN DREN IPv6 Update

  14. Plans for 2004/2005 • Continued IPv6 deployment into site infrastructure, and site upgrades. • includes training, and site visits • Upgrade HPC applications to IPv6 • Additional external peering • IPv6 multicast (both networks) • DHCPv6/DNS experiments • what is best design model for DoD sites? • Mobility experiments • Overcoming security challenges • BGP confederations • IPv6 on S/DREN DREN IPv6 Update

  15. New challenges impacting IPv6 implementation efforts • Encrypt DREN backbone • Full IPSEC mesh between all DREN sites • Using Juniper Adaptive Services (AS) PIC. • Surprise: Doesn’t support IPv6.  • still 6 months away (JunOS 7.4?) • BGP confederations – improved unicast and multicast routing. • CONUS, Hawaii, Testbed • OC-48 sites. • IPSEC Encryption is the hard part. Trying to do it with Netscreen 5400s using 10GbE interfaces. But they weren’t jumbo-clean. DREN IPv6 Update

  16. IPv6 multicast • Initiative: • turn up IPv6 multicast on both nets (testbed, production) • PIM, MLDv2, MBGP, SSM, Embedded RP • apps: diag tools like beacon, mping, mtrace • then try other apps (vic, rat, …) • Status (work in progress) • Testbed: Done • routers all upgraded – IOS 12.3(11)T • Static RP • Production: Some initial configuration completed • Setting up beacon infrastructure within DREN • Some Issues • no MSDP, so use SSM or Embedded-RP between domains • Embedded RP is fairly new (i.e. need JunOS 7.0 or later) • many tools don’t operate over SSM (example: beacon) • hard to do cross-domain testing • no MLDv2 in WinXP, broken in old Linux, Solaris. DREN IPv6 Update

  17. IPv6 DHCP/DNS • Problem: • for sites that manually register everything in DNS today, this isn’t going to work well in IPv6. • How to leverage auto-configuration capabilities, yet stay within local policies. • Initiative: • what model and tools to recommend to DoD sites? • test various implementations, and see what works • Status (work in progress): • playing with open-source (sourceforge) DHCPv6 implementation • Some Issues: • no DNS update in sourceforge DHCPv6 • ISC DHPC (what most sites use) doesn’t do IPv6 • WinXP doesn’t do DHCPv6 DREN IPv6 Update

  18. Site infrastructure work • IPv6 firewall, IDS, ACLs • LAN infrastructure (San Diego example) • Backbone upgrade (Foundry core/dist’n/edge) • BigIron MG8 • 10GbE backbone • (low power) • line rate IPv4 and IPv6 requirement • recent test – 6 x 10G IPv6 – ran at line rate • Issues: • Foundry: NUD seems broken – loses initial packets of new connections. • Foundry: IPv6 PIM-SM not supported (yet) • No production 10Gb firewall capable of IPv6 and jumbo. • have beta netscreen hardware DREN IPv6 Update

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