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Putting the Flex back into Flexibility

Putting the Flex back into Flexibility. Mike Osborne University of Stirling m.j.osborne@stir.ac.uk. Meanings. Flexible workforce adaptive and reactive to a flexible economy and labour market agents of change contributing to innovation (Johnson and Lundvall 1991)

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Putting the Flex back into Flexibility

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  1. Putting the Flex back into Flexibility Mike Osborne University of Stirling m.j.osborne@stir.ac.uk

  2. Meanings • Flexible workforce • adaptive and reactive to a flexible economy and labour market • agents of change contributing to innovation (Johnson and Lundvall 1991) • Social, Cultural and Personal Flexibility • Individuals and enterprises should be more entrepreneurial, competitive, market-oriented

  3. Flexible Learning • Flexible learning • '…all those situations where learners have some say in how, where or when learning takes place' (Ellington, 1997)

  4. Home and international • ‘…the importance of a highly motivated, flexible and well-qualified workforce to the United Kingdom’s international competitiveness’(DfEE, 1995) • ‘the need to render traditional education systems more accessible and less rigid so that learners of all ages can embark on reasonably individual study programmes’(Jouve 2001) • ‘far reaching change from a supply steered system to a flexible system steered by changing individual demands’Swedish Ministry of Education and Science (2001)

  5. In-reach

  6. Models of in-reach • Summer Schools (for (mainly)school-pupils) • The modern model First Chance • Access Courses (for adults) • The historic model Second Chance • Entrance tests • Aptitude tests, Psychometric testing (e.g. Medicine in UK and Australia) • Examen Spécial d’Entrée à l’Universit (l'ESEU)), and later the Diplôme d’Accès aux Etudes Universitaires (DAEU) • Prueba de acceso a la universidad para mayores de 25 años

  7. Out-reach

  8. Models of out-reach • School links - awareness raising • FE/HE links • Workplace learning • Vertical, Longitudinal, All-embracing, Integrated (Woodrow and Thomas 2002)

  9. Flexibility

  10. Examples of Flexibility • Modularity/Credit accumulation and transfer schemes(e.g. SCQF) • Distance Education, Open University Systems, ODL, ICT(e.g. Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, the Dutch Open University, the Finnish Open University, UHI) • RPL/AP(E)L(e.g. La Validation D’Acquis de la Experience (VAE)) • Independent Study • Bologna to Bergen

  11. Modularity • Horizontal • Vertical

  12. SCOTCAT

  13. Or ….

  14. Or even ...

  15. What’s curriculum got to do with it? Key barriers • Pre-requisite knowledge • Subject specific • Study skills • Assessment skills • Inflexibility of both HN Design and degree structures and delivery options

  16. And more • Lack of acceptance of equivalence within credit frameworks • Grading systems • (Lack of) ‘gatekeeping’ at entry and exit

  17. Distant Failings • ICT and Access • Technological Failings • Cost

  18. RPL • Challenges to traditional conceptions of knowledge • Procedures

  19. Raising Aspirations • Is it enough? • The evidence base

  20. Even two swallows don’t ...

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