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chemistry lesson 1

secondary stage

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chemistry lesson 1

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  1. Introduction Nanotechnology CPT 2011 workshop

  2. Introduction • Nanotechnology, an interdisciplinary research field involving chemistry, engineering, biology, and medicine. • Has great potential for early detection, accurate diagnosis, and personalized treatment of cancer.

  3. Nanoparticles are typically smaller than several hundred nanometers in size, comparable to large biological molecules such as enzymes, receptors, and antibodies • With the size, these nanoparticles can offer unprecedented interactions with biomolecules both on the surface of and inside the cells, which may revolutionize cancer diagnosis and treatment.

  4. Kinds of Particles used:

  5. GoldNano-particles There are many subtypes of gold nanoparticles based on the size, shape, and physical properties. Subsequently, nanorods, nanoshells, and nanocages have all been reported. Another type of gold-based nanoparticles, with excellent surface enhanced Raman scattering properties (termed “SERS“ nanoparticles”).

  6. Gold Nano spheres • Gold nanospheres (also known as gold colloids) of 2 nm to over 100 nm in diameter can be synthesized by controlled reduction of an aqueous HAuCl4 (Chloroauric acid) solution using different reducing agents under varying conditions.

  7. Nanotech.. In cancer Nano-particles ( Recently nanogold) is used in : 1- Cancer cells determination. 2- Drug delivery. 3- Cancer ttt.

  8. 1- Cancer cells determination: • Gold nanoparticles showed 600 percent more affinity to Cancer cells than healthy cells (EGFR ** binding); White light and simple, inexpensive microscope is all that’s necessary for powerful ex vivo Cancer detection. The scattering is so strong that even one nanoparticle can be detected.

  9. Show Time

  10. 2- Drug Delivery • Several studies have reported the use of gold nanoparticle as drug delivery vehicles. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, a cytokine with excellent anticancer efficacy, is systemically toxic which severely limited its therapeutic applications. A nanoparticle delivery system, consisting of PEG coated gold nanoparticle loaded with TNF "tumor necrosis factor", was constructed to maximize the tumor damage and minimize the systemic toxicity of TNF.

  11. Applications: • Methotrexate (MTX), MTX-gold nanoparticle conjugate was prepared and the cytotoxic/antitumor effect was examined in vitro and in vivo.

  12. 3- Cancer ttt

  13. Show Time

  14. Taking advantage of the unique properties, most studies of gold nanoparticle-based cancer therapy have used photothermal therapy for the destruction of cancer cells or tumor tissue, which may be potentially useful in the clinical setting. When irradiated with focused laser pulses of suitable wavelength, targeted gold nanospheres, nanorods, nanoshells, and nanocages can kill bacteria and cancer cells.

  15. And to summarize

  16. Side Effects: • Cancer targeting is highly dependent on surface chemistry. Not just any Nanoparticle will work. • The need for biocompatible and stable nanoparticles • Toxicity

  17. References: • http://www.medicalnewstoday.com • http://www.youtube.com • http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/bc049951i • http://www.nanowerk.com/news/newsid=15631.php • www.wikipedia.com

  18. Thanks for your time 

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