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Maria Val Martin (CSU) and Colette L. Heald (MIT) J-F Lamarque , S. Tilmes

Effects of Climate, Emissions and Land Cover Changes on Air Quality in the U.S. National Parks. Maria Val Martin (CSU) and Colette L. Heald (MIT) J-F Lamarque , S. Tilmes and L. Emmons (NCAR). Thanks to the National Park Service for funding.

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Maria Val Martin (CSU) and Colette L. Heald (MIT) J-F Lamarque , S. Tilmes

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  1. Effects of Climate, Emissions and Land Cover Changes on Air Quality in the U.S. National Parks Maria Val Martin (CSU) and Colette L. Heald(MIT) J-F Lamarque, S. Tilmes and L. Emmons (NCAR) Thanks to the National Park Service for funding

  2. Effects of Climate, Emissions and Land Cover Changes on Air Quality in the U.S. National Parks Maria Val Martin (CSU) and Colette L. Heald(MIT) J-F Lamarque, S. Tilmes and L. Emmons (NCAR) About 50% of forests will be exposed to damaging O3by 2100; and 20% will exceed critical loads from S and N deposition by 2050 [FAO, 2007]

  3. NCAR Community Earth System Model (CESM 1.1_alpha12b) IPCC scenarios and derived emissions (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) 2000 and 2050 CAM-Chem 1.9x2.5 spatial resolution 26 vertical levels to ~3 hPa GHGs O3 and PM Precursors Coupler Prescribed sea-ice and ocean data (e.g., SST and sea-ice fraction) Land Model (CLM 4) Land cover/use data (e.g., LAI, PFTs, etc)

  4. Projections of global AQ-relevant emissions Emissions (Tg Species/year) Main GHGs 2050 2050 • Similar GHGs projections, except CH4 • The RCP scenarios project large decreases for all emissions, except NH3 and CH4 in RCP 8.5

  5. Projections of land cover/land use changes RCP 4.5 RCP 8.5 % Trees % Crops LAI

  6. Fine Dust and Seasalt were adjusted to match IMPROVE observations SeaSalt Dust Emissions reduced by a factor of 10 Emissions reduced by a factor of 2 and used an improved soil erodibility map

  7. Effects on changes in climate alone Temperature Annual Average in 2000 2050 RCP 4.5 - 2000 2050 RCP 8.5 - 2000 ↑3 oC Precipitation

  8. Effects of overall change on ozone Summer Daily Max 8-hr Avg Surface O3 2000 2050 RCP 4.5 2050 RCP 8.5 RCP 8.5 RCP 4.5 ↑2ppb ∆Total = 2050-2000 ↓4ppb ~↓10 ppb

  9. RCP4.5 projects an important O3 reduction from decreased anthropogenic emissions RCP4.5 Important decrease in NOx emissions ∆Climate ∆Land Cover/Use ∆Anthro Emissions

  10. In RCP8.5, climate and land cover changes offset benefits from emission reductions RCP8.5 ∆ Land Cover/Use ∆Anthro Emissions ∆Climate

  11. Both RCPs project a decrease in PM2.5 Annual Average PM 2.5 2050 RCP 8.5 2000 2050 RCP 4.5 RCP8.5 RCP 4.5

  12. Change in PM2.5 due mainly to SO4 and NH4NO3 emission reduction Changes in Chemical Speciation East US WestUS

  13. What is next… Rocky Mountain NP affected by Haze • Study the effect of nitrogen deposition. • Perform high resolution (0.5x0.5) simulations, and analyze the effect of spatial resolution on the results. • Focus on the air quality over the US National Parks http://www.nature.nps.gov/

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