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Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy

The thyroid is a large gland located in the neck that is responsible for hormone growth and regulation, which means that any thyroid disorder can throw a lot of things in your body out of whack. This is especially true if you have a thyroid disease, such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, when pregnant. Visit http://www.miami-obgyn.com<br>

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Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy

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  1. Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy Contact us: Miami Obstetrics and Gynecology (305) 270-2331 appointment@miami-obgyn.com| http://www.miami-obgyn.com

  2. Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy • The thyroid is a large gland located in the neck that is responsible for hormone growth and regulation, which means that any thyroid disorder can throw a lot of things in your body out of whack. • This is especially true if you have a thyroid disease, such as hyperthyroidism orhypothyroidism, when pregnant.

  3. Hyperthyroidism • Hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid, is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces too many hormones. During pregnancy, hyperthyroidism raises the risks of miscarriage, preterm labor, low birth weight babies, stillbirths and pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia. • Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include increased heart rate, sensitivity to heat, fatigue, irregular heartbeat, weight loss or low weight gain during pregnancy, nausea and vomiting.

  4. Hyperthyroidism - Symptoms • Because symptoms of hyperthyroidism are similar to those many women experience in the first trimester of pregnancy, diagnosing it can be difficult. Generally though, doctors base their diagnoses on high levels of thyroid hormones, T3 and T4, and a low level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

  5. Hyperthyroidism - Causes • Hyperthyroidism is usually caused by one of four things: • Graves disease, an autoimmune disease • A goiter, which can cause the thyroid to produce excessive amounts of hormones • Inflammation of the thyroid • Consumption of too much iodine • In pregnant women, high levels of hCF, which is seen in severe forms of morning sickness , can also cause hyperthyroidism. • Treatment of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy is usually an anti-thyroid medication

  6. Hypothyroidism • Hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid, is a condition in which the thyroid gland has abnormally low activity, which can result in growth and development retardation in children and adults.

  7. Hypothyroidism - Symptoms Symptoms of hypothyroidism include: • Fatigue, sensitivity to cold, constipation, dry skin, weight gain, puffy face, muscle weakness, elevated blood cholesterol, pain, stiffness or swelling in joints, muscle aches, thinning hair, heavy or irregular periods, depression, slowed heart rate or impaired memory. • To diagnose hypothyroidism, doctors will perform a physical exam and order blood tests to measure the levels of TSH and T4, hormones produced by the thyroid.

  8. Hypothyroidism - Causes • Hypothyroidism is most common in middle-aged or older women, and can be caused by a number of conditions, including: • An autoimmune disease which affects the thyroid’s ability to produce hormones. • Treatment for hyperthyroidism for when the thyroid is too active. Treatment for hyperthyroidism sometimes results in the opposite extreme. • Thyroid surgery, radiation therapy and certain medications.

  9. Hypothyroidism - Treatment • Hypothyroidism is usually treated with a synthetic hormone which is similar to the hormone T4 made by the thyroid. If you are being treated for hypothyroidism during pregnancy, your doctor will monitor your thyroid function and perform tests every 4-6 weeks.

  10. Pregnancy as a Cause • Another cause of both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism is pregnancy itself. During pregnancy, some women produce antibodies that act against their own thyroid gland. Both diseases must be treated during pregnancy – if not, they can lead to miscarriage, premature delivery and preeclampsia, and can also affect the development of the fetus, as well as child development after birth.

  11. Treatment of Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy • If you experience any of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, make an appointment with your doctor, whether you are pregnant or not. Women who are not pregnant but suffer from thyroid disease still need to be treated. Women who are being treated for thyroid disease and then become pregnant should speak with their endocrinologists and OBGYNs, as their treatment may need to be modified.

  12. Postpartum Thyroiditis • After a woman gives birth, another thyroid condition can arise, termed postpartum thyroiditis. This condition is an inflammation of the thyroid and can involve hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism or both. Postpartum thyroiditis occurs in 5-10% of women in the U.S.and treatment depends on the phase of thyroiditis and the severity of the symptoms. • If you feel something is “off” after you give birth, and think that it’s not just the regular postpartum lack of energy or moodiness, speak to your doctor. Postpartum thyroiditis might just be the culprit.

  13. Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy Contact us: Miami Obstetrics and Gynecology (305) 270-2331 appointment@miami-obgyn.com | http://www.miami-obgyn.com

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