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Please be prepared to take Cornell notes.

Please be prepared to take Cornell notes. Take out your notebooks and be ready to begin!. Vowels : a, e, i, o, u Consonants : the rest of the alphabet excluding the vowels. Y exception :

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Please be prepared to take Cornell notes.

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  1. Please be prepared to take Cornell notes. Take out your notebooks and be ready to begin!

  2. Vowels: a, e, i, o, u Consonants: the rest of the alphabet excluding the vowels. Y exception: Y can be either a vowel or consonant depending on its sound; If y has a vowel sound (for example, e as in fairy or I as in sky) its considered a vowel. Y in words such as yard and year is a consonant

  3. Consonant blend: is two or more consonants whose sounds can be blended together. Consonant blends can appear at the beginning, middle, or end of words Example: drive Consonant digraph: two consonants that combine to make one new sound Example: thick shape phone change Consonant cluster: three consonants together in one syllable of a word Example: thrill patchsplash

  4. Vowel pair: two vowels together that form one long vowel sound. Usually, the first vowel in the pair stands for the long vowel sound and the next vowel is silent Example: goat free tie Common noun: name of any person, place, thing or idea Example: girl, park day Proper noun: names a particular person, place, thing, or idea Example: Melissa Sunday Yellowstone National Park

  5. Pronoun: takes the place (replaces) of a noun Example: I, She, You, … Verb: word that expresses action or a state of being; shows what’s being done or what’s happening. Example: painted ran races Adjective: gives general information about a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives tell how many, which one, what kind, or whoseExample: Sixty people were waiting in line (sixty tells how many) Adverb: word that describes a verb, and adjective, or another adverb. It tells how, when, where, or how much. Example: The door opened slowly. (Slowly tells how the door opened)

  6. Conjunction: word that connects a word or group of words in a sentence. Use and to join words; Use but to contrast two things or ideas; Use or to indicate a choice Example: Ice skating and swimming are my favorite sports. (and) Example: I like baseball, but Toby likes football. (but) Example: Would you rather go swimming or shopping? (or) Preposition: word that connects a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence. Example: Marva waited in the house Interjection: word that shows strong feelings. It is usually followed by an exclamation point (!) or by a comma when the feelings not as strong. (,) Example: Wow! I got an A on my math test

  7. Sentence: a group of words that expresses a complete thought. It names someone or something and tells what the person or thing did. Declarative sentence: makes a statement and ends with a period. (.) Interrogative sentence: ask a question and ends with a question mark. (?) Imperative sentence: gives a command and ends with a period. (.) Exclamatory sentence: shows surprise or strong feeling and ends with an exclamation point (!)

  8. Subject: tells whom or what the sentence is about. Predicate: tells what the subject is or does. Sentence fragment: is missing either a subject or a predicate and so does not express a complete thought. Run-on sentence: two or more sentences not separated by correct punctuation, capitalization, or connecting words.

  9. Phrase: a set of two or more words that expresses a thought or ideas. Phrases do not contain subject or predicates and therefore, are not sentences. Prepositional Phrase: a set of two or more words beginning with a preposition Appositives: gives more information about a noun, pronoun, or phrase. In a sentence, an appositive comes after the noun, pronoun, or phrase it describes and is set off by commas. Example: My cat, Sully, wants to go out. (An appositive can be left out of a sentence, and the sentence still makes sense).

  10. Synonyms: are words that have similar meanings Example: stop- halt Antonyms: words that have the opposite meaning Example: stop- start Compound word: made up of two or more words Example: head and ache headache Context Clues: familiar words or phrases in a sentence that help you figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word.

  11. Homophones: words that sound the same but have different meanings and spellings. Example: here/hear be/ bee Homographs: words that are spelled the same but have different meanings. Sometimes they have different pronunciation Example: Tim had to wear a cast on his leg. Alexa was cast in the lead role.

  12. Prefix: group of letters that is added in front of a base word to change its meaning. COMMON PREFIXES AND THEIR MEANINGS Prefix Meaning Example im- not impossible ir- not irregular in- not inactive dis- opposite of disappear mis- incorrectly misbehave pre- before preview re- again; back redo un- not; opposite of unhappy non- not; lack of nonsense semi- half; partly semiconductor co- jointly coauthor mini- very small minibus sur- beyond surcharge

  13. PREFIXES THAT TELL THE NUMBER Prefix Meaning Example Uni- one unicycle Bi- two bicycle Tri three tricycle Deci- ten decimeter Centi- hundred centimeter Mega- million megabyte Giga- billion gigabyte

  14. Suffix: letter or group of letters added to the end of a word that changes the meaning or part of speech of the base word. Suffixes can change base words from verbs or nouns into adjectives or from verbs or adjectives into nouns. ADJECTIVE-FORMING SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning Example -y having; like lucky -ful full of careful -less without hopeless -able able to be doable -ish like; somewhat impish -ous full prosperous -ways in a certain direction sideways -ward in the direction of homeward

  15. NOUN-FORMING SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning Example -ment process of; state of achievement -ness quality of being wholeness -ship condition or state of friendship -er one who leader -or one who actor -ite native of suburbanite -ism process or act of criticism

  16. Parts of speech There are 8 parts of speech: Noun Verb Pronoun Adjective Preposition Interjection Conjunction Adverb

  17. When looking for parts of speech in a sentence always do the following: 1st - Look for the doing verb first, followed by the helping verbs (ask the question what is happening/what’s being done) 2nd – Look for the subject (ask: who or what is the doing something) 3rd- Look for the adjective (ask: which one, what kind, how many, or whose) 4th- Look for the adverb (ask: how, when, where, how much) Use your grammar cheat sheet and plug in words…The word that works best is the answer.

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