Understanding Alcohol and Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault: Prevention, Signs, and Resources

1. Alcohol and Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault MSgt Mark Lord IDAHO NATIONAL GUARD PREVENTION COORDINATOR 208-272-4140 – Office 208-514-5143 - Cell

2. Topics • Alcohol - effects and consequences • Drugs – Types descriptions and effects • Warning Signs • tips and assistance (don’t be a victim)

3. The Most Commonly Used Drugs • Alcohol • Number one most frequently used drug for sexual assault. • GHB (analogs GBL and BD) • Rohypnol • Ketamine • MDMA (Ecstasy) • Valium • Antihistamines • Motion sickness prevention medicines

4. Alcohol • Alcohol (known as the other date rape drug) is one of the most abused drugs today • Legal and widely used by both assailants and victims • Has been an increasing factor in sexual assaults in both the military and civilian sectors. • 72% of college rapes perpetrated when victims were too intoxicated to give consent

5. Alcohol Cont. • Can be mixed with other drugs to facilitate sexual assault. • Drugs often mixed with alcohol and/or other drinks to facilitate sexual assaults: • Rohypnol • Ketamine • GHB • Valium

6. Rohypnol • Street names: Circles; Date rape drug; Forget me drug; Forget pill; Forget-me pill; Getting roached; La Rocha; Lunch money drug; Mexican valium; Pingus; R2; R-2; Reynolds; Rib; Roach 2; Roach-2; Roaches; Roachies; Roapies; Robutal; Rochas dos; Roche; Roches; Rolpes; Roofie; Roofies; Roopies; Rope; Rophies; Rophy; Ropies; Roples; Ropples; Row-shay; Ruffies; Ruffles; Sedexes; Wolfies • Disposition: White tablet (old) Green or Blue (new) - tablet turns liquid blue dissolved in a drink - Illegal in the U.S, legal in Europe and Mexico. Street value $2-$30 per pill • Short-acting with general properties similar to those of Valium. • Effects appear 15-20 minutes after ingestion and last approximately four to six hours. • Some residual effects can be found 12 hours or more after ingestion. • Detectable up to 72 hours after ingestion.

7. Rohypnol Cont. • Effects include: • sedation, muscle relaxation, reduction in anxiety, sleepiness, temporary paralysis, and temporary or partial amnesia 8-12 hour memory loss. • Many sexual assault victims may not be able to clearly recall the assault, the assailant, or the events surrounding the assault.

8. Ketamine • Street Names: Jet, super acid, Special "K", green, K, cat Valium • Disposition: Clear liquid or white powder, similar to cocaine. - Cost $20-$25 a dose • Enables the offender to position the victim without resistance. The position is then held until victim is repositioned. • Effects start to appear 15-40 minutes after ingestion and last between 18 and 24 hours. • 24–48 hours are generally required before the user will feel completely normal again • Detectable 24-96 hours after ingestion

9. Ketamine Cont. • Effects include: • Blurred vision; confusion; drowsiness; loss of control; increased or decreased blood pressure or heart rate; mental or mood changes; nausea; nightmares; vomiting; memory loss; temporary paralysis; impaired perception;and coma. • Like Rohypnol, many sexual assault victims may not be able to clearly recall the assault, the assailant, or the events surrounding the assault.

10. GHB - Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate • Street Names: Liquid Ecstasy, Soap, Easy Lay, Vita-G, Georgia Homeboy, Scoop, Grievous Bodily Harm, Liquid X, and Goop • Disposition: tablet, capsule, white powder or clear liquid. - Odorless colorless and tasteless. • Inexpensive, easily made sedative. Costs about $5-$25. • Effects appear 20 minutes after ingestion and last approximately one to four hours. • Some residual effects can be found 6 hours up to 15 days after ingestion. • Detectable up to 12 hours after ingestion.

11. GHB Cont. • Effects include: vomiting, seizure-like activity, loss of consciousness, memory loss, respiratory arrest, coma, and death.

12. Valium • Other names: Diazepam Diastat, Valrelease, or D. • Disposition: Yellow tablet w/V in the middle. - Legal by prescription. • Short-acting with general properties similar to those of GHB and Ketamine. • Effects appear 15-45 minutes after ingestion and last approximately two to six hours depending upon dosage. • In rare cases residual effects can be found up to 24 hours after ingestion. • Detectable up to 48 + or - hours after ingestion depending upon dose.

13. Valium Cont. • Effects include: weakness, confusion, unusual thoughts or behavior, muscle twitching, tremors, double vision, hallucinations, shallow breathing, sleepiness.

14. Warning Signs of Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault • Changes in Consciousness • Sedation, complete loss of consciousness, and lethargy • Memory Impairment • Memory loss and confusion • Digestive system disruptions • Vomiting, loss of bowel and/or bladder control, diarrhea. • Neurological impairment • Seizures, weakness, dizziness, paralysis, and changes in speech • Psychological changes • Hallucinations, aggression, sexualized behavior, dissociation, excitability

15. Alcohol and Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault Alcohol and drug facilitated assaults are occurring in combat theatres

16. Stigma: why we don’t get involved to stop SA Alcohol and Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault • Fear of being ostracized • Not my problem • Feels that someone else will address the issue • Afraid the assailant may get violent

17. Advocate’s Role • Listen for cues that a victim may have experienced a drug facilitated sexual assault • Educate victims about drug facilitated sexual assault when appropriate and where they should go for assistance. • Remind the victim to tell professionals/authorities about significant details surrounding drug facilitated sexual assault • Help the victim identify important evidence of drug facilitated sexual assault

18. Tips on how not to be a Victim • Limit your drinking • Don’t drink heavily around people you don’t know or trust • Avoid parties or groups where alcohol or drug use is excessive • If you're going to a party, establish a buddy system with a friend • Beware of your surroundings - Watch your food/drink

19. Questions ?