1 / 7

A New Approach to the Atom

A New Approach to the Atom. Objectives: 1. Describe the atomic orbitals in terms of their shape, size, and energy. Key Terms: quantum-mechanical model, electron density, orbital principle energy level, sublevel. Probability & Orbitals.

montana
Télécharger la présentation

A New Approach to the Atom

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. A New Approach to the Atom Objectives: • 1. Describe the atomic orbitals in terms of their shape, size, and energy. Key Terms: • quantum-mechanical model, electron density, orbital principle energy level, sublevel

  2. Probability & Orbitals Schrodinger stated that electron orbitals can more correctly referred to as electron clouds. • An orbital is the region around the nucleus where an electron is likely to be found. • Within an orbital it is more likely to find the electron nearer to the nucleus than toward its boundary • There are 4 basic orbital types: s,p,d,& f orbitals. • Each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons each with opposite spin

  3. s orbital • Spherical in shape • 1st orbital in any energy level and only orbital located at n=1

  4. p orbital • The p orbital is dumbbell shaped • The p-orbitals begins in the 2nd energy level • The are 3 orbitals in the p-orbital system • The orbitals extend out on the x, y, & z axis (px,py,pz) • The system can hold a maximum of 6 electrons

  5. d-orbital • The d orbital is dumbbell and donut shaped • The d-orbital begins in the 3rd energy level • The are 5 orbitals in the d-orbital system • The orbitals extend out at angles to the x, y, & z axis • The system can hold a maximum of 10 electrons • Considered a suborbital system and is inserted after 4s

  6. f-orbital • The f-orbitals begins in the 4th energy level • The are 7 orbitals in the d-orbital system • The orbitals extend out at angles to the x, y, & z axis • The system can hold a maximum of 14 electrons • Considered a suborbital system to the d-block and is inserted after 6s

  7. Orbital Summary for the Principle Energy Levels • The number of the energy level is equal to the number of orbital sublevels • n=1 1 sublevel 1s (2 electrons) • n=2 2 sublevels 2s, 2p (8 electrons) • n=3 3 sublevels 3s, 3p, 3d (18 electrons) • n=4 4 sublevels 4s, 4p, 4d, 4f (32 electrons) Number of electrons possible for each orbital sublevel: • s = 1 (2 electrons) • p = 3 (6 electrons) • d = 5 (10 electrons) • f = 7 (14 electrons)

More Related