Self-organization: Paradigms and applications

1. Self-organization: Paradigms and applications

2. Definition • Organization is intrinsic to self-organizing system and results from internal constraints or mechanisms, due to local interactions between its components • Evolves dynamically

3. Various systems • Physical systems • Thermodynamic, magnetic • Living systems • Eukaryotic cells • Social systems • Insects

4. Software applications • Kohonen neural network • The self-organizing map (SOM) is a method for unsupervised learning, based on a grid of artificial neurons whose weights are adapted to match input vectors in a training set. It was first described by the Finnish professor Teuvo Kohonen • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-organizing_map • (magnetic field?)

5. Stigmergy and Tag-based systems • Pheromone • Tags: mechanism from simulation model • Interaction between electronic mobile devices • Robots • Manufacturing control

6. Coordination • Coordination entities: • Agents, processes, tuples, atoms. • Coordination media/inter-agent entities: • Channels, shared variables, tuple spaces.. • Coordination laws: • Mechanisms added to host language • E.g.: Tuples on the air, Coordination Fields

7. Self-organizing applications • Multi-agent systems • Entity: robot, software • Media: physical world, O.S. Interaction thro’: sensors, effectors, camera.. Cognitive, physical, temporal, institutional limitations: overcame by multi-agent systems.

8. Self-organizing applications • Grid • Distributed systems managed by Grid based on infrastructure with centralized registry and information services. (OGSI)

9. Self-organizing applications • Service emergence • Jack-in-the-net (ja-net) Emergent network applications and services in large-scale networks. (cyber-entities) Cyber-entities record information about peer cyber-entities during a relationship.

10. Self-organizing applications • Web communities • Eg. Web page is a member of the community. (hyperlinks within the community) • Ant metaphor: authors place web pages (pheromone) on the web (food trail). These web contain specific information for other authors, who will reinforce (or not) the strengths among web pages by referencing them. Authors then organize web pages into communities.

11. Self-organizing networks • Network security: • IDS, IRS • 1) human immune system, normal vs abnormal using IDA • 2) stigmergy paradigm, IRA

12. Business process infrastructures • BPI adapt their functionality to support changes in business process requirement • A)underlying model to conceptualized the business operations • B)software paradigm develop the necessary software components • C)the method used to engineer the soft-organizing and emergent properties.

13. Business process infrastructures • Complex interactive BPI: • Distributed central top-down control in asynchronous manner. • Holonic BPI: • Emulate market dynamics in the networked economy, which necessitates that strategies and relationships evolve overtime, changing with the dynamic business environment

14. Business process infrastructures • Arthur Koestler: the Universe is organized into self-replicating structures of nested hierarchies. • Holarchies: self-replicating structures • “Holon” • Organizational BPI: support business in the context of global economy.

15. Business process infrastructure • One-to-one variable pricing model • Self-organization of the marketing policies by changing customers targeted and the prices quoted based on market dynamics, customer characteristics and the business goals.

16. Comments • Brief conclusion of everything. • Top down approach can have more details. (was briefly mentioned in Complex interactive BPI) • The relationship between Holon and business infrastructure. • Models other than Ants model ?