1. CLEAN COAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Dr. V. K. Sethi, Research Adviser CENTRE FOR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING OSMANIA UNIVERSITY

2. Thermal Power Generation - 65-70% of total Power • PC Power Plants - 84% of Thermal • Estimated Coal Reserves - 202 Billion Tonnes • Ash content in Indian Coals - 40-48%

3. 500 MW PC Fired Power Plants(170 bar, 535oC) - 34% • Super Critical Units(250 bar, 540oC) - 37.5% • Ultra Super Critical(285 bar, 580oC) - 40% (AUSTENATIC ALLOY STEEL for PRESSURE PARTS)

4. IGCC Power Plants - 37-39% 48% with advanced gas turbines • Refinery bottom IGCC - 2.0% Higher than Coal based • Advantages of IGCC - Low Emissions Environment friendly low grade or high Ash Coals can be used

5. Types • Coal / Lignite based IGCC • RAW PET-COKE / Refinery Residue IGCC • Bagasse based Co-generation

6. Gasification Conversion of Coal / Lignite / Bagasse Combustible gas Primary Thermal Decomposition CO, CO2, H2, H2O, CH4, H2S, N2, Tar, Oils and Phenols Secondary C + H2O CO+H2

7. Fluidised Bed Combustion Technology (FBC) Flue Gas De-Sulpharisation (FGD) through Lime-Stone injection NOx reduction through injection of steam CO2 reduction through supercritical steam parameters

8. CFBC Higher Fluid Velocity, entraining bed Material • Bubbling Dense Fluid bed, Low Fluid Velocity, Good Heat Transfer • PFBC Higher Efficiency Pressure 6-16 times than AFBC Second Generation PFBC integrates combustion with Coal Gasifier to Fuel gas turbine 50% Efficiency

9. Issues to be discussed Improvement in IGCC Power Plant • Energy Efficiency • Power Cycle Optimization • Advanced Gasifier System with PFBC/CFBC • Hot Gas De-Sulpharisation • Advanced Turbine Systems • Hot Gas Particulate Removal • CO2 emission abatement • Configuration of IGCC System

10. Technology Demonstration 100 MW to establish reliability and performance Fuel Gas Clean-up Heating Value, Sulphur content, alkali content, Ammonia, Tar and Particulate content Environmental and Turbine protection

11. Hot Fuel Gas cleaning Zinc based regenerative sorbents Advanced Hot Gas cleaning Solid Sorbents based on ZnO2 combined with metal carriers (Zinc Titanate) FB gasification Feeding Dolomite, Lime-Stone Sulphur removal 815-1035oC

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