Motor Vehicles, Mechanized Equipment, and Marine Operations

1. Motor Vehicles, Mechanized Equipment, and Marine Operations 29 CFR Part 1926 Subpart O

2. Objectives • During this presentation, we will discuss the following: • OSHA’s minimum requirements for powered industrial trucks, motor vehicles and other equipment • Safe operation of equipment • Operator training • Hazard identification • Abatement methods

3. Powered Industrial Trucks, Other Vehicles and Equipment • 1926.600 – Equipment • 1926.601 – Motor vehicles • 1926.602 – Material handling equipment • 1926.603 – Pile driving equipment • 1926.604 – Site clearing • 1926.605 – Marine operations and equipment • 1926.606 – Definitions • 1910.178(l) – Powered industrial trucks [operator training]

4. Equipment 1926.600(a)(1) • General requirements • Unattended equipment near highways or active construction areas must have lights, reflectors, or barricades to identify location of equipment.

5. General Requirements 1926.600(a)(2) • Safety tire rack or cage used for inflating, mounting, or dismounting tires with split rims or locking rings.

6. General Requirements 1926.600(a)(3)(i) • Suspended equipment must be blocked or cribbed before employees are permitted to work underneath.

7. General Requirements 1926.600(a)(3)(i) • Bulldozer and scrapers blades, end-loader buckets, dump bodies, and similar equipment must be fully lowered or blocked during repair or when not in use. • Controls set in neutral, brakes set, motors stopped.

8. General Requirements 1926.600(a)(3)(ii), (5) • Parking brake set when not in use. • Chocked wheels if on incline. • Cab glass must be safety glass or equivalent – no distortion affecting safe operation.

9. General Requirements 1926.600(a)(6) • Compliance with 1926.550(a)(15) in vicinity of power lines or energized transmitters. • Minimum clearance: • 50 kV. or below: 10 feet • Over 50 kV.: 10 feet + 0.4 in./1 kV. over 50 kV. • In transit (with no load): 4 feet <50 kV.; 10 ft. 50 kV. – 345 kV.; 16 ft. 345 kV. – 750 kV. • Person designated to observe clearance • Overhead wire – considered energized until: • Owner or power company indicates otherwise • Visibly grounded

10. Are there any problems here?

11. General Requirements 1926.600(a)(7) • Derail and/or bumper blocks must be provided where a rolling railroad car could contact other cars being worked, enter a building, work or traffic area.

12. Motor Vehicles 1926.601(b)(1) • General requirements • Vehicles must have a service brake, emergency brake, and parking brake system. • Maintained in operable condition.

13. General Requirements 1926.601(b)(2)(i)-(ii) • Two headlights and two taillights where required. • Brake lights in operable condition.

14. General Requirements 1926.601(b)(3) • All vehicles must be equipped with audible warning device (horn) at operator’s station. • Must be in operable condition.

15. General Requirements 1926.601(a)(4)(i)-(ii) • Any vehicle with an obstructed view to the rear: • Backup alarm, or • Observer signals it’s safe.

16. General Requirements 1926.601(b)(5) • Vehicles with cabs must have windshield wipers. • Cracked or broken glass must be replaced.

17. General Requirements 1926.601(b)(6) • Haulage vehicles loaded by cranes, power shovels, loaders, etc. must have a cab shield and/or canopy to protect operator from falling materials.

18. General Requirements 1926.601(b)(7)-(9), (13) • Tools and material must be secured if in employee compartment • Adequate number of seats for employees • Seat belts must be installed • Rubber tired vehicles [after May 1, 1972] must be equipped with fenders • Mud flaps in lieu of fenders for equipment not designed for fenders

19. General Requirements 1926.601(b)(10)-(12) • Trucks with dump bodies equipped with device to prevent lowering during maintenance. • Operating controls for dump or hoisting equipped with latch to prevent tripping. • Trip handles for tailgates arranged to keep employee in clear during dumping.

20. General Requirements 1926.600(b)(14) • All vehicles checked at beginning of shift to ensure equipment/accessories in safe operating condition and free from damage. • Horn • Steering • Coupling devices • Brakes • Seat belts • Operating controls • Safety devices • Lights • Reflectors • Windshield wipers • Defoggers/defrosters • Fire extinguishers • Defects corrected before equipment is used.

21. Earthmoving Equipment 1926.602(a)(1) • General requirements: • Scrapers • Loaders • Crawler or wheel tractors • Bulldozers • Off-highway trucks • Graders • Agricultural and industrial tractors • Similar equipment

22. General Requirements 1926.602(a)(2)(i) • Seat belts required for all equipment except: • Stand-up operation equipment • Equipment without rollover protection [ROPS] or adequate canopy protection

23. General Requirements 1926.602(a)(3)(i) • No equipment to move on access roadway or grade unless constructed and maintained to safely accommodate such equipment.

24. General Requirements 1926.602(a)(4) • Service braking system capable of stopping and holding equipment when fully loaded.

25. General Requirements 1926.602(a)(9)-(10) • Horn [audible alarm] on bidirectional machines. • Backup alarm or signaling employee. • Scissor points, where hazard to operator, must be guarded on front-end loaders.

26. Excavating and Other Equipment 1926.602(b)(1) • Tractors covered in paragraph (a) must have seat belts as required for the operator. • i.e., Agricultural and industrial tractors, and similar equipment

27. Excavating and Other Equipment 1926.602(b)(1) • Earthmoving equipment must have seat belts. • Must meet requirements of Society of Automotive Engineers, J386-1969, Seat Belts for Construction Equipment. • Seat belts not required on equipment which does not have ROPS.

28. Lifting and Hauling Equipment 1926.602(c)(1) • Industrial trucks must meet requirements of 29 CFR 1926.600

29. Lifting and Hauling Equipment 1926.602(c)(1)(i) • Rated capacity (including alternate capacities for removable counterweights) clearly posted for operator. • Ratings must not be exceeded.

30. Lifting and Hauling Equipment 1926.602(c)(1)(i) • Vehicle capacity • Only handle loads within truck’s capacity • Capacity found on name plate

31. Lifting and Hauling Equipment 1926.602(c)(1)(ii) • Modifications and additions which affect capacity and safe operation must have prior written approval from manufacturer. • Capacity, tags, or decals must be changed accordingly.

32. Lifting and Hauling Equipment 1926.602(c)(1)(iii) • Loads lifted by two or more trucks in unison. • Proportion of total load carried by any one truck must not exceed its capacity.

33. Lifting and Hauling Equipment 1926.602(c)(1)(iv) • Steering or spinner knobs must not be attached to steering wheel unless steering mechanism prevents road reactions [power steering]. • Steering knob mounted within periphery of wheel.

34. Lifting and Hauling Equipment 1926.602(c)(1)(v) • High lift rider trucks must be equipped with overhead guards complying with ANSI B56.1-1969.

35. Lifting and Hauling Equipment 1926.602(c)(1)(vii) • No unauthorized riders. • Safe place to ride for authorized riders.

36. Lifting and Hauling Equipment 1926.602(c)(1)(viii) • Vertical only, or vertical and horizontal controls, elevatable with the lifting carriage or forks for lifting personnel: • Use of safety platform firmly secured to lifting carriage/forks • Personnel on platform can shut off power • Falling objects protection

37. Powered Industrial Truck Training 1926.602(d) • Operator training complying with 1910.178(l): • Competency after completion of training and evaluation. • Training required unless previously trained. • Trainees may only operate equipment: • Under direct supervision of trainer • Where no danger to trainee or other employees

38. Powered Industrial Truck Training 1910.178(l) • Training program content: • Truck-related topics • Workplace-related topics

39. Differences from automobile Operating instructions, warnings and precautions Controls and instrumentation Engine or motor operation Steering and maneuvering Visibility Fork and attachment adaptation, operation, use Vehicle capacity and stability Vehicle inspection and maintenance that the operator will be required to perform Refueling/charging/recharging batteries Operating limitations Other instructions, etc. Operator Training 1910.178(l)(3)(i) • Truck-related topics

40. Surface conditions Composition and stability of loads Load manipulation, stacking, unstacking Pedestrian traffic Narrow aisles and restricted areas Operating in hazardous (classified) locations Operating on ramps and sloped surfaces Potentially hazardous environmental conditions Operating in closed environments or other areas where poor ventilation or maintenance could cause carbon monoxide or diesel exhaust buildup Operator Training 1910.178(l)(3)(ii) • Workplace-related topics

41. Powered Industrial Truck Training 1910.178(l)(4) • Operating training complying with 1910.178(l): • Re-evaluation; every 3 years. • Refresher training; where evaluation, observation, or accident reveals need. • Certification that operator has been trained.

42. Are there any problems here?

43. Pile Driving Equipment 1926.603(a) & (c) • General requirements • Overhead protection must not obscure the vision of the operator. • Stability of pile driver rigs must be maintained. • Engineers and winchmen must accept signals only from designated signalmen. • Employees must keep clear of piling being hoisted.

44. Site Clearing 1926.604(a)(1) • General requirements • Employees engaged in site clearing must be protected from hazards of irritant and toxic plants. • Instructed in the first aid treatment available.

45. General Requirements 1926.603(a)(2)(i)-(ii) • Equipment must be equipped with rollover guards. • Overhead covering on canopy structure be at least ⅛″ steel plate or ¼″ woven wire mesh. • Opening in rear of canopy covered with at least ¼″ woven wire mesh.

46. Marine Operations and Equipment 1926.605(b)(2) • Where employees cannot step safely to or from the wharf, float, barge, or river towboat, a ramp or safe walkway must be provided.

47. Marine Operations and Equipment 1926.605(c)(2) • Decks and other working surfaces must be maintained in a safe condition.

48. Marine Operations and Equipment 1926.605(c)(3) • Safe passage must be provided for employees passing fore and aft, over, or around deckloads.

49. Marine Operations and Equipment 1926.605(d)(2) • Equipment required in vicinity of each barge: • One USCG-approved 30″ life ring with not less than 90′ of line attached. • One portable or permanent ladder which will reach the top of the apron to the surface of the water.

50. Marine Operations and Equipment 1926.605(d)(3) • Employees walking or working on the unguarded decks of barges must wear USCG-approved work vests or buoyant vests.