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Classical Greece: Birth of Western Civilization

Classical Greece: Birth of Western Civilization . Chapter Five Unit 2. What is the “classical” age? . Unification of large land masses Golden Age of Greek civilization

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Classical Greece: Birth of Western Civilization

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  1. Classical Greece:Birth of Western Civilization Chapter Five Unit 2

  2. What is the “classical” age? • Unification of large land masses • Golden Age of Greek civilization • New institutions being developed. For example, government, philosophy, drama, sculpture, poetry, philosophy, architecture, and science • Cultural or Commercial Bonds (Greece, Rome, India, China)

  3. Causes of Classical Civilization • What is changing that brings us into Classical Greece? • Technology Advances (Bronze to Iron) • Agricultural Productivity (Increased output) • Monetary System (Coined money replaces barter) • Expanded Trade Routes (More sea than land) • Military Rules Changing (Political structures such as democracy, republic)

  4. Effects of Classical Civilization • Political – People/citizens are gaining a greater voice in government • Economic – Had to trade because of geographical location, trade over larger geographical areas • Religious – more religious opportunities, new religions developing

  5. Effects of Classical Civilization • Social – Social mobility; Merchant class is growing and expanding; Social structure shifting from a status based on birth to a status based on wealth • Intellectual – More time to develop/expand intellectual thought; Many life questions raised; Development of philosophy • Artistic - Focus moved from religion to artists expressing themselves and their loyalty to their leader

  6. Classical Greece:The Golden Age

  7. Classical/Ancient GreecePhilosophy and Government Chapter Five Presented to you by – TonopolisSocratotle

  8. Classical Greek City-States

  9. Greek Philosophy – Socrates (469-399 BC) • “The unexamined life is not worth living.“ • “Know thyself” • Socratic Method: "What is wisdom?" and "What is beauty?" and "What is the right thing to do?“ • Tried in 399 BC for corrupting the youth of Athens

  10. Greek PhilosophyPlato 427-347 BC • Socrates’ student • Wrote “The Dialogues” which were the teachings of Socrates. • Wrote “The Republic” A book about the ideal society • Started the “Academy” which was a school that lasted 900 years.

  11. Greek PhilosophyAristotle 384-322 BC • Plato’s student • He believed that the key to a successful life was the pursuit of happiness. He walked around teaching as students followed him. • He created the Scientific Method and began the studies of psychology, physics, biology. • Teacher of Alexander the Great • Chose to leave Athens because he was being threatened. He said, “Lest Athens sin twice against philosophy.”

  12. Greek Forms of Government • Monarchy –A form of government where a single person, called a king, rules. • Oligarchy - A form of government ruled by a few powerful people who seize power from the people or the rightful ruler(s). • Tyranny – A form of government where the ruler violates the laws and acts arbitrarily towards others. • Democracy - A form of government in which the power to govern lies directly in the hands of the people rather than being exercised through their representatives.

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