Fireguard Awareness Training

1. Fireguard Awareness Training QHSE Department January 2014 Rev 0 Doc Control No: HQS-016-17-005

2. Learning Outcomes • What activities can cause? • Classes of Fire • Methods of Heat Transfer • Triangle of fire • How to Stop Combustion • Types of Fire Extinguishers • Actions on Fire • Fire Extinguisher Inspection • How to Operate a Fire Extinguisher • Potential Hazards for Fireguard • Main Responsibilities of Fireguard • Questions

3. References • HQS-017-02-005 Safe Welding, Cutting, Grinding & Burning Procedure  • HQS-122-21-001 Fireguard Responsibilities Checklist

4. What activities can cause fire? • When heat, fume and spark producing activities are performed on board there is a possibility of fire out-break and for this reason a fireguard must be in place to reduce the risk. Such activities are as follows: • Welding • Brazing • Cutting • Soldering • Burning • Grinding

5. Classes of Fire • Symbols of fire classes are not harmonised worldwide • Ordinary combustibles: fires fuelled by ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper, trash or anything else that leaves an ash. • Flammable liquid and gas: fires whose fuel is flammable or combustible liquid (i.e. oil, paints) or gas (i.e. acetylene, LPG). • Electrical: fires involving potential energized electrical equipment. • Metal: Certain metals are flammable or combustible such as magnesium, aluminium, etc. • Cooling oils and fats: fires that involve cooking oils or fats.

6. Methods of Heat Transfer • Fire can travel through the below methods: • Conduction • Convection • Radiation

7. Methods of Heat Transfer (cont.) • Conduction:The transfer of heat by direct contact of particles of matter. • Convection: When heat is transferred by the circulation of fluids due to buoyancy from the density changes induced by heating itself, then the process is known as free or natural convective heat transfer. Familiar examples are the upward flow of air due to a fire or hot object and the circulation of water in a pot that is heated from below. • Thermal Radiation: It is the process by which the surface of an object radiates its thermal energyin the form of electromagnetic waves. Infrared radiation from a common household radiator or electric heater is an example of thermal radiation, as is the light emitted by a glowing incandescent light bulb.

8. Triangle of Fire FUEL HEAT Hot surfaces Electricity Static Smoking materials Spark from grinding/ welding/ gas cutting Chemical reaction Flammable: Gases Liquids Solids OXYGEN Always present in the air Oxidising substances

9. How to Stop Combustion • To stop the combustion of fire can be done by: • Starvation: Remove the fuel burning in the fire. • Smothering: Remove the oxygen. • Cooling: Minimizing the temperature

10. Types of Fire Extinguishers • WATER • For solid fires • Not for electricity • Pull out pin • Aim at base of fire

11. Types of Fire Extinguisher (cont.) • CARBON DIOXIDE - CO2 • For electrical fires • They are noisy • Carry and hold base • Pull out pin • Aim horn at fire

12. Type of Fire Extinguisher (cont.) • FOAM • For liquid fuel • Pull out pin • Aim at base of fire • Spray to form a film

13. Type of Fire Extinguisher (cont.) • POWDER • Multi purpose • Flammable gases • Powder is also highly effective for electrical hazards

14. Actions on Fire • Raise the Alarm • Notify Central Control Room as soon as possible of location, nature and extent of fire. • If nature/location/extent of fire is appropriate then try to put it out. • If not able to be managed then evacuate location, close doors and move to directed muster location.

15. Fire Extinguisher Inspection • Check fire extinguishers: • are unobstructed • in the correct locations • ready for use • have an engineer’s seal • safety pin in position • inspection record • check Indicator is in green zone • lift to check if full (heavy) Charging Handle Safety Pin Indicator Gauge FIRE EXIT Hose Body Nozzle

16. How to Operate a Fire Extinguisher • WATER - cools • CO2 - displaces the oxygen • FOAM and • DRY POWDER - smothers • NEVER USE WATER ON….. • ELECTRIC, OR OIL FIRE PASS = PULL+ AIM+ SQUEEZE + SWEEP

17. Potential hazards for Fireguard • Welding operations can produce toxic fumes that can be fatal when inhaled. • A deficiency of air may result from prolonged flame use. • Welding can produce iron oxide particulate fumes and large quantities of Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide gases. • Use of flames on painted surfaces and protective coatings can produce harmful lead-based fumes. The coating shall be removed in a distance of 15 cm of each side of the area that will be heated. • Inhalation of the fumes from welding zinc galvanized metal can produce metal fume fever, which is characterized by fever, aching muscles, shivering, and sweating; symptoms generally develop in a few hours and disappear after about 24 hours.

18. Potential hazards for Fireguard (cont.) • Radiation from a welding can cause a temporary or permanent eye injury and skin burns, which may not become apparent for 4 to 8 hours. • Welding operations create a high danger of fire and explosion from flames, sparks, hot metal fragments, leakage of oxygen or acetylene and heated metal surfaces. • Acetylene gas is explosive in air in any proportion between 2.5 and 80 percent by volume.

19. Main Responsibilities of Fireguard • GENERAL • Fireguards to be clearly identified, preferably with a hi-vis-vest. • Participate and review the JSA. • COMMINICATION/ WARNING • Locate nearest fire alarm activation point and telephone. • Agree stop signal with the person performing the task. • Establish radio communication with Bridge, if required.

20. Main Responsibilities of Fireguard (cont.) • EMERGENCY RESPONSE • Have an operable fire extinguisher in the area. • Locate nearest fire hydrant/ hose reel point. • Ensure involved personnel are familiar with escape routes. • PREPARATIONS • Equipped with a portable gas detector if required. • Evaluate the need for additional fireguards. • Aware how welding machine/ electrical equipment are switched off. • Area is free of combustible materials.

21. Main Responsibilities of Fireguard (cont.) • PREPARATIONS (cont.) • Exposed equipment are protected by fire blankets. • Drains are blocked/ covered. • Ensure that gas cylinders have been secured and be aware how to turn them off. • Hoses/ cables are in proper condition and suspended in a safe position. • Fire blankets are available to prevent spreading of sparks. • Spaces checked above / below / behind. • Worksite is barricaded. • Consider isolation of smoke detectors in the area if required.

22. Main Responsibilities of Fireguard (cont.) • WHILE WORKING • Not take active part in the work and always be present when hot work is ongoing. • Monitor working situation and surroundings so that the work can be stopped should a situation arise. • Stop the work if the portable gas detector sounds an alarm.

23. Main Responsibilities of Fireguard (cont.) • INTERRUPTIONS/ BREAKS/ COMPLETION OF THE WORK • Ensure electrical equipment are switched off and gas cylinders are shut. • Remain in the work area for at least 30 minutes after hot work is completed. • Ensure that no ignition sources, that may initiate a fire at a later stage, are left at the work site.

24. Main Responsibilities of Fireguard (cont.) • ACTIONS DURING FIRE IN THE ACTUAL AREA • Alert fellow workers and sound the fire alarm. Inform Bridge. • Save lives without exposing himself to high risk. • Switch off equipment / electrical power. • Start fire fighting / cooling. • Remove gas cylinders from the area. • OTHER ALARM SITUATION • Alert fellow workers and stop the work. • Switch off equipment / electrical power and secure the work site. • Muster according to the station bill.

25. Any • Questions?