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Genetics Test Review

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  1. Genetics Test Review Chapter 11

  2. Match the Scientists • 1. Mendel A. recombination • 2. Morgan helps make map • 3. Sturtevant B. alleles segregate • C. some genes linked

  3. Match the Scientists • 1. Mendel B. alleles segregate • 2. Morgan C. genes linked 3. Sturtevant A. recombination • helps make map

  4. 4. What is fertilization? • Process of sexual reproduction • Joining egg + sperm • Joining egg and pollen

  5. What is true-breeding and hybrid? • 5. True-breeding = E. offspring are identical to parents • 6. Hybrid = D. offspring are of parents of different traits

  6. 7. Genes are____: • F. the location on a chromosome for a trait

  7. PUNNETT PRACTICE • p.3 Dihybrid Cross • What are the parental genotypes? • Heterozygous running, heterozygous black mouse • Homozygous running, homozygous black mouse

  8. PUNNETT PRACTICE • p.3 Dihybrid Cross • What are the parental genotypes? • Heterozygous running, heterozygous black mouse RrBb • Homozygous running, homozygous black mouse RRBB

  9. PUNNETT PRACTICE • Dihybrid Cross • How many boxes to you need for a dihybrid cross? • ANSWER: • 16

  10. PUNNETT PRACTICE • Show how you would place the parental alleles on each side of the Punnett Squares:

  11. RB Rb rB rb RB RB RB RB

  12. NOW FILL IN THE BOXES AND • WHAT IS THE PHENOTYPIC RATIO?

  13. 100% running black RB Rb rB rb RB RB RB RB

  14. 8. Gametes are: • A. body cells • B. sex cells • C. somatic cells • D. skin cells • ANSWER: sex cells B

  15. 9. The likelihood that a particular event will occur is: • A. hybrid • B. offspring • C. probability • D. recombination • ANSWER: C probability

  16. 10. The wild type is… • A. dominant trait • B. recessive trait • C. most common trait • ANSWER: C

  17. 11. homologous • D. male + corresponding female set of chromosomes

  18. GO TO PUNNETT PRACTICE • On your dry erase board. • Do #4 on page 2. • Cross two plants that are heterozygous for green pods.

  19. #4 Answer Genotypic ratio: GG:Gg:gg 1: 2: 1 Phenotypic ratio: Green:yellow 3:1 G g GG G g

  20. 12. Haploid and 13. Diploid • 13. C. one set of chromosomes N in humans 23 14. B. two sets of homologous chromosomes 2N in humans 46

  21. 14. What is a tetrad? • A. 4 homologous chromosomes

  22. MULTIPLE ALLELE TRAITS IN CHICKENS • Question #1:On the cross pictured, what must be the genotypes of the two parents for the outcome to always be a buttercup offspring? • ANSWER: • rrPP X RRpp

  23. Did you set it up right? RP Rp rP rp RP Rp rP rp

  24. 9:3:3:1 RP Rp rP rp RP Rp rP rp

  25. 15. Crossing-over • F. homologous chromosomes exchange segments

  26. 16. What is a chiasma? • A. when 4 chromosomes come together • B. when a cell divides into 4 cells • C. when a cell splits • D. making poopie • E. is the point of crossing over of the two inner homologous chromosomes • ANSWER: E

  27. 17. Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis • Mitosis: • starts with 2N parent • Daughter cells are 2N • Daughter cells identical • Makes somatic cells • Ends with 2 cells • 1 division

  28. 17. Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis • Meiosis: • starts with 2N parent • Daughter cells are N • Daughter cells different • Makes sex cells • Ends with 4 cells • 2 divisions

  29. 18. If you had a tall plant, how can you tell if it is TT or Tt? T t • Cross it with tt • (a test cross) t t T T t t

  30. 18. If you had a tall plant, how can you tell if it is TT or Tt? T t • Cross it with tt t t T T t t

  31. 19. Spongebob SsYy marries and mates Spongebetty ssYy Y=yellow y=blueS=square s=round

  32. 19. Spongebob SsYy marries and mates Spongebetty ssYy Y=yellow y=blueS=square s=round

  33. 19. SsYy X ssYy SY Sy sY sy sY sy sY sy

  34. 19. SsYy X ssYy SY Sy sY sy sY sy sY sy

  35. 6 square yellow 6 round yellow2 square blue 2 round blue SY Sy sY sy sY sy sY sy

  36. 20. Flower Parts

  37. EXTRA: Male Flower Parts? • Stamen pistil stigma anther • ANSWER: stamen anther

  38. 21. Hetero or Homo zygous • _____HH _____hh _____Hh • ANSWER: • Homozygous Heterozygous • HH hh Hh

  39. EXTRA: Recessive? • T t H h • ANSWER: t h

  40. EXTRA: Dominant? • T t H h • ANSWER: T H

  41. CHECK YOUR SKILLS: Go to Punnett Practice #7 • Genotypic Ratio? • Phenotypic Ratio?

  42. Nn x nn • N n • Genotypic: • Nn:nn • 2 : 2 • Phenotypic • Smooth;const. • 2 : 2 Nn nn n nn Nn n

  43. CHECK YOUR SKILLS: BbFf x bbff • How many boxes do you need?16 • How do you separate each parent?BF Bf bF bf • bf bf bf bf

  44. BF Bf bF bf bf bf bf bf

  45. Genotypic Ratio • BbFf : Bbff : bbFf : bbff • 4 4 4 4 • Phenotypic Ratio • Black fat : black thin : white fat : white thin • 4 4 4 4

  46. CHECK YOUR SKILLS: RR x RW incomplete dominance • R R R W

  47. CHECK YOUR ANSWER: RR x RW incomplete dominance • R R Genotypic RR : RW 2 2 Phenotypic Red : Pink 2 2 R W RR RR RW RW

  48. #22 • Black rooster and white chicken form black and white spotted chicks • ANSWER: codominance

  49. #23 • The color of the skin is determined by six different locations on genes • ANSWER: polygenic trait

  50. #24 • A red flower is crossed with a white flower to make pink offspring. • ANSWER: incomplete dominance

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