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Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance

Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance 10.1 General. Recommendations.—

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Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance

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  1. Chapter 10Aerodrome Maintenance ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  2. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.1 General Recommendations.— • A maintenance programme, including preventive maintenance where appropriate, should be established at an aerodrome to maintain facilities in a condition which does not impair the safety, regularity or efficiency of air navigation. “Preventive maintenance” is programmed maintenance work done in order to prevent a failure or degradation of facilities. “Facilities” are intended to include such items as pavements, visual aids, fencing, drainage systems and buildings. • The design and application of the maintenance programme should observe Human Factors principles. [ICAO Human Factors Training Manual] ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  3. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.2 Pavements Surface irregularities Recommendations.— • The surface of pavements (runways, taxiways, aprons, etc.) should be kept clear of any loose stones or other objects that might cause damage to aircraft structures or engines, or impair the operation of aircraft systems. • The surface of a runway should be maintained in a condition such as to preclude formation of harmful irregularities: • Max. 3mm tolerance of the newly built wearing course is permitted; • In general, isolated irregularities of the order of 2.5 cm to 3 cm over a 45 m distance are tolerable; ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  4. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.2 Pavements Friction characteristics • Measurements of the friction characteristics of a runway surface shall be made periodically with a continuous friction measuring device using self-wetting features (i.e. Mu-meter Trailer, Skiddometer Trailer, Runway Friction Tester Vehicle). The friction of a wet paved runway should be measured: • to verify the friction characteristics of new or resurfaced paved runways when wet; • to assess periodically the slipperiness of paved runways when wet; • to determine the effect on friction when drainage characteristics are poor; and • to determine the friction of paved runways that become slippery under unusual conditions (eg. after a long dry period). ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  5. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.2 Pavements Friction characteristics • A State should define what minimum friction level it considers acceptable before a runway is classified as slippery when wet and publish this value in the State’s aeronautical information publication (AIP). When the friction of a runway is found to be below this reported value, then such information should be promulgated by NOTAM. • The State should also establish a maintenance planning level, below which, appropriate corrective maintenance action should be initiated to improve the friction. • Furthermore, States should establish criteria for the friction characteristics of new or resurfaced runway surfaces. ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  6. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.2 Pavements Friction characteristics Table A-1 Guidance on establishing the design objective for new runway surfaces and maintenance planning and minimum friction levels for runway surfaces in use. ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  7. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.2 Pavements Friction characteristics • Friction measurements should be taken at intervals that will ensure identification of runways in need of maintenance or special surface treatment before the condition becomes serious. • The time interval between measurements will depend on factors such as: • aircraft type and frequency of usage, • climatic conditions, • pavement type, and • pavement service and maintenance requirements. ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  8. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.2 Pavements Friction characteristics • Corrective maintenance action shall be taken when the friction characteristics for either the entire runway or a portion thereof are below a minimum friction level specified by the State. [Note.— A portion of runway in the order of 100 m long may be considered significant for maintenance or reporting action.] Recommendation.— Corrective maintenance action should be considered when the friction characteristics for either the entire runway or a portion thereof are below amaintenance planning level specified by the State. ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  9. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.3 Runway pavement overlays Introductory note.— The following specifications are intended for runway pavement overlay projects when the runway is to be returned to an operational status before overlay of the entire runway is complete thus normally necessitating a temporary ramp between the new and old runway surfaces. • The longitudinal slope of the temporary ramp, measured with reference to the existing runway surface or previous overlay course, shall be: a) 0.5 to 1.0 per cent for overlays up to and including 5 cm in thickness; and b) not more than 0.5 per cent for overlays more than 5 cm in thickness. ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  10. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.3 Runway pavement overlays Temporary ramp between the new and old runway surfaces ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  11. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.3 Runway pavement overlays Recommendations.— • Overlaying should proceed from one end of the runway toward the other end so that based on runway utilization most aircraft operations will experience a down ramp. • The entire width of the runway should be overlaid during each work session. • Before a runway being overlaid is returned to a temporary operational status: • a runway centre line marking [conforming to the specifications in Section 5.2.3] shall be provided. • the location of any temporary threshold shall be identified by a 3.6 m wide transverse stripe. ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  12. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.4 Visual aids Preventive Maintenance • A system of preventive maintenance of visual aids shall be employed to ensure lighting and marking system reliability. [Note.— Guidance on preventive maintenance of visual aids is given in the Airport Services Manual, Part 9.] ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  13. Chapter 10 Aerodrome Maintenance10.4 Visual aids Preventive Maintenance Precision Approach Runway Category I • The system of preventive maintenance employed for a precision approach runway category I shall have as its objective that, during any period of category I operations, all approach and runway lights are serviceable, and that in any event at least 85 per cent of the lights are serviceable in each of the following: a) precision approach category I lighting system; b) runway threshold lights; c) runway edge lights; and d) runway end lights. In order to provide continuity of guidance, an unserviceable light shall not be permitted adjacent to another unserviceable light unless the light spacing is significantly less than that specified. [Note.— In barrettes and crossbars, guidance is not lost by having two adjacent unserviceable lights.] ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

  14. End of Chapter 10Aerodrome Maintenance ICAO Annex 14 Training Course

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