Library 2.0 And Web 2.0

1. http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/seminars/cilip-2007-11/http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/seminars/cilip-2007-11/ Library 2.0 And Web 2.0 Acceptable Use Policy Recording/broadcasting of this talk, taking photographs, discussing the content using email, instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. Brian Kelly, UKOLN, University of Bath Bath, UK Email B.Kelly@ukoln.ac.uk Resources bookmarked using ‘cilip-2007-11' tag UKOLN is supported by: This work is licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 licence (but note caveat)

2. Introduction About Me • Brian Kelly: • UK Web Focus: a national Web advisory post • Based at UKOLN, a national centre of expertise in digital information management • Located at the University of Bath • Funded by JISC and the MLA • Involved in Web since Jan 1993 • Currently advising on best practices for Web 2.0

3. Introduction About This Talk • This talk aims to provide: • A better understanding of ‘Web 2.0’ • An awareness of how library users may use Web 2.0 tools • An understanding of possible dangers, both for users and the institution • An opportunity to discuss how we should address the opportunities and challenges (and inevitabilities!) • The Facebook social networking service will be used to illustrate these points

4. Introduction About You • How many of you: • Have heard of Web 2.0? • Have read content in a blog or wiki? • Use Facebook? • Have used MSN Messenger, Skype, …? • Use photo sharing sites (e.g. Flickr)? • Have viewed video clips on YouTube? • Do you: • Use the tools for work? • Use the tools for social purposes (e.g. communicating with your children)?

5. Introduction Contents • Web 2.0 – What Is It? (Talking …) • Blogs  Wikis • Mashups  Comms tools • Social networks • … • Deployment Strategies (… doing) • User focus • Information literacy; staff development • Risk assessment • Safe experimentation

6. Introduction Let’s Do It Now! http://www.gabbly.com/www.cilip.org.uk/ http://www.gabbly.com/www.cilip.org.uk/ • Let’s not just talk about Web 2.0 – let’s use it now (assuming WiFi network available!): • Let’s Talk • Go to http://www.gabbly.com/ and in box enter www.cilip.org.uk/ • Let’s Share Resources • Go to <http://del.icio.us/lisbk/cilip-2007-11> to access resources Discussion Lecture theatres with WiFi/pervasive networking  students with laptops will expect to use them  we need experience to establish best practices & manage problems

7. Web 2.0 Web 2.0 Web 2.0 • What Is Web 2.0? • Marketing term (derived from observing 'patterns') rather than technical standards - “an attitude not a technology” • Characteristics Of Web 2.0 • Network as platform • Easy-to-use (Ajax) • Always beta • Remix and mash-ups • Syndication (RSS) • Architecture of participation • Blogs & Wikis • Social networking • Social tagging (folksonomies) • Trust and openness Web2MemeMap, Tim O’Reilly, 2005 (or see Wikipedia )

8. Key Characteristics Openness Syndication Collaboration http://www.archiveshub.ac.uk/blog/ Increasingly professional (e.g. developers) use Blogs to describe what they're doing. Note that a Comments field can allow you to engage in discussions Blogs Web 2.0 http://piclib.nhm.ac.uk/antarctica/ • Blogs – social phenomenon of the C21st? • Need for information professionals to: • Understand Blogging & related technologies (e.g. RSS, Technorati) • Be able to find resources in the 'Bloggosphere' • Explore how to Blogs to support business functions (support users, staff & organisation) This blog … tells what it's like spending the winter in Antarctica conserving artefacts from the explorer's hut left behind by Ernest Shackleton in 1908.

9. Openness Syndication Collaboration Blogs – Reading (RSS) Web 2.0 • How do you keep informed of new developments? • You can use a blog reader • This alerts you to changes to key blogs • Provides a focus on the content, and avoid distractions of ads, etc. • Part of information literacy, to ensure users can process information more effectively http://www.bloglines.com/myblogs Bloglines – a Web-based blog reader. You are informed of changes since you last viewed the page. BlogBridge – a desktop blog reader. You are informed of changes since you last viewed the page.

10. Blended blogging See (and discuss) UK Web Focus blog post 25 Jan 2007 Blogs aren’t just one-way publishing, but an implementation of Tim Berners-Lee’s vision of a collaborative Web Blogs – Engaging With Users http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/2007/01/25/experiments-with-meebo/ • The ukwebfocus.wordpress.com blog provides: • Comments option for all postings • A realtime chat facility • Benefits: • Feedback on my thoughts and ideas • Evaluation • …

11. http://pachome2.pacific.net.sg/~schizoid/para/ … Blogger Web Comments tool lights up if Blog comments about Web site have been made. Alternatively go to the Google Blog search What Are They Saying About Us? Web 2.0 http://piclib.nhm.ac.uk/antarctica/ • Blogs are very interconnected with each other (Bloggers discuss other Blog postings). • This can help to provide feedback; measure impact; engage in discussions; etc.

12. Social Networking Software (1) Web 2.0 • But what if: • Students aren’t interested in university-provided blogging services? • Students use commercial social networking services such as Facebook? • Should we: • Make use of these environments (save money by not reinventing wheels) • Inform students on integration of our information? • Ignore? 18 Feb 2007

13. Social Networking Software (2) http://kera.name/articles/2007/01/404-university-of-nottingham-not-found/ http://kera.name/articles/2006/12/uni-tech-team-storms-student-underground/ • What are they saying about your institution in social networking services, on blogs, …? • Do you (and your departments) provide business intelligence services to find out what your users are saying about you? • Do you have policies on rebuttal?

14. Openness Syndication Collaboration Wikis Web 2.0 http://www.thestudentwiki.org/ • Wiki – a collaborative Web-based authoring tool • Leeds Metropolitan University launched a student wiki in Feb 2007 - and had a high profile launch Note a couple of Universities have had similar high-profile launches of Web 2.0 services

15. Openness Network effect Syndication Collaboration Sharing - Flickr Web 2.0 http://www.flickr.com/ • Web 2.0 includes community-building • You can help support your community-building by making it easy to share photos at events • Flickr is popular in professional circles – but students probably use another service (Facebook?)

16. Sharing – Slides http://www.slideshare.net/lisbk/ • Slideshare.net: • Repository for PowerPoint slides • Find (and reuse) slideshows of interest (I like your Web 2.0 slideshow – so maybe I’ll like yours, or others that you like) • Add comments, questions, etc. • Use as planning, feedback, etc. • Can assign Creative Commons rights Lecturers could use – but note sustainability issue

17. Openness Tags Collaboration Creative Commons Web 2.0 http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/workshops/webmaster-2006/publicity/ • Let’s allow others to legitimately reuse our content. • I do this for my event details: • Creative Commons licence assigned to publicity details • Also described in microformat to allow software to find licence • I also do this for my blog posts, slides, etc Note that the openness is a key aspect of Web 2.0: open source; open standards and open content can all help to bring benefits through maximising usage of services

18. Openness Mashup APIs http://northumbria.ac.uk/browse/radius5/ More sophisticated mapping applications are being developed, such as Radius 5 at Northumbria Univ. Shouldn’t we have one of pubs in Bath? Google Maps Mashups Web 2.0 http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/workshops/webmaster-2006/maps/ • Google Map ‘mashup’ used for IWMW 2006 event

19. Web 2.0 Communications • We said: • Content is king! • But maybe: • Communications is king! • Communications tool include: • Chat tools (MSN Messenger) • Audio & video (including MSN Messenger, Skype, …) • MS text messaging Using Web 2.0 Also note Web-based video chat services such as TokBox

20. Integration of Services • Web 2.0 applications can be used in isolation • They can also be integration into other services (e.g. widgets in blogs and Web sites) • Facebook is (currently) the leading platform for integrating many Web 2.0 tools Let’s look at Facebook in more detail, as an example of a popular Web 2.0 service

21. The Facebook Platform • The Facebook platform provides access to (a) Skype (b) Twitter micro-blogging service (c) mini-questions

22. Facebook What is Facebook? • Facebook: • A social networking Web site • Had the largest number of registered users among college-focused sites with over 30 million members worldwide • Ranked between top 10–20 Web sites • Seventh most visited site in the US Let’s now look at one very popular Web 2.0 application – the Facebook social networking service From Wikipedia

23. Your Profile Page • Here’s an example of a profile page: • Your details • Access to default applications • Access to applications your added • Facebook could be used as a personalised portal to various applications And here’s how others may see your profile Boring isn’t it!

24. It’s a Social Network (1) • The strength of Facebook is when it is used as a social network. Here people can see: • My updates to my Facebook account • Applications I’ve installed • Groups I’ve joined • Photos & videos I’ve uploaded • Blogs posts I’ve written • Messages I’ve sent & received • …

25. It’s a Social Network (2) • Here’s the page of a former colleague (now at Eduserv). This is valuable to me: • Spot friends in common • Keep informed of Andy’s professional interests (of interest to me) • Keep informed of Andy’s discussions with others • …

26. Student Use (1) • Example of groups subscribed by a student: • Student society Facebook seems to be very popular for use with Student union societies (nb is this a threat to similar services provided on Student Union Web site?)

27. Student Use (1) • Example of groups subscribed by a student: • Student society Notice how the issue of local versus global Facebook groups is being discussed. Would a local-only group act as a barrier to student alumni?

28. Student Use (2) • Example of groups subscribed by a student: • Student society • Social Facebook is popular for various social activities – especially for keeping in touch over summer

29. Student Use (2) • Example of groups subscribed by a student: • Student society • Social Note that Facebook provides access to videos and photos – a way of providing seamless access or a bandwidth hog?

30. The Opportunities • Facebook provides great opportunities for colleges and universities: • It’s popular • It’s easy-to-use • No need for in-house development or to purchase software • Useful for staff and post-graduate students too • We can easily integrate our resources into Facebook (e.g. RSS feeds, blogs, etc.) • It can provide alternative access to our services cf. MyNewport portal which took a day to port to Facebook

31. What Others Are Doing • MyNewport: • VLE/portal used by staff & students (course material, news, blogs, forums, etc.) • Facebook app allows students to access to MyLearning resources • Allows students to create their own personal learning environment in a platform other than the University’s • Facebook targeted as it’s the fastest growing community • If the users like idea but want to work in another environment then that is fine See info on UK Web Focus blog & Michael Webb’s (IT Services director at Newport College) blog

32. What’s The Downside? • Various concerns have been expressed about: • Privacy (is Facebook a private or public space?) • Is Facebook a space for students or for all? • Is Facebook a closed environment? • …

33. Note that Newbridge Primacy has a Web site which has no photos of children – but they upload their own photos to Facebook “Definatly Bullard....found him strangly sexy....is that wrong!?” The Challenges – The User • Should people be concerned about the privacy implications of Facebook? • Here’s an example of a group set up on the University of Bath network

34. Challenges: The Institution (1) • Facebook can provide challenges for the institution • IT Service departments, for example, are always liable to face criticism • These days as well as User Group meetings and online forums, users can create their own discussion groups

35. Challenges: The Institution (2) • How should the departments respond? • Read the posts to gain feedback on areas in which improvements may be needed? • Join in the discussions • Ban such discussions / people who make inappropriate comments? • Ignore the groups

36. Challenges: The Institution (3) • Note though: • Departments may find support being provided on the discussion groups • There will always be criticism Do our (fee-paying) students have a right to watch “crap on YouTube” What if this slows network down? How does the university engage in discussions on this topic with the students?

37. Other Issues • There are also challenges for individuals What if this group I’ve joined isn’t about nos. of UK Facebook users, but a BNP support group? A friend has joined a group which advocates violence! Note that Facebook isn’t a local University service, so it can’t easily be banned. Is this were we need education (for staff as well as students)?

38. You Can Manage Your Privacy • You have control over the information others can see about you

39. You Can Manage Your Privacy • You have control over the information others can see about you • But how many users change the default settings? And what about what Facebook can do with your information? Note that Wikipedia provides useful information on Facebook’s terms and conditions

40. Looking Back • What if Facebook had been around in the 1970s and 1980s? • Photos of Gordon Brown, Tony Blair & David Cameron from their student (and schoolboy) days are easily found • But what if they had been blogging about their exploits & views? • What will the Daily Mail be publishing in 30 years time?

41. Responding To The Challenges BBC Video clip • How to respond to the challenges? • Ban Facebook to protect the institution / the users • Disciplinary measures • Take students to court • Guidelines (how to configure settings) • Education • Information literacy • .. University moves to hush Facebook criticism The administration was provoked by a Facebook group called "James Knowles is a Twat". Register, 22 Mar 2007

42. What Do My Friends Think? • A question I asked on Facebook: Facebook: (a) institutions need to engage with it as our students like it or (b) its their social space; let's leave it alone? Responses from my Facebook friends, 1 Aug 2007

43. Conclusions • To conclude: • Web 2.0 is here and many people are using it • We can’t stop students using many of these services • Should we stop them? • How do we address the balance between being user-focussed & educating digital citizens for the real world and providing managed IT environments? • We have a need for an information literacy strategy Many of these issues will be addressed at a one-day workshop on “Exploiting The Potential Of Blogs and Social Networks” to be held in Birmingham on 26 November 2007.

44. Questions • Any questions?