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Dr Richard Rowe

Dr Richard Rowe. Senior Lecturer in Psychology University of Sheffield The development of risk-taking in young drivers: pre-driving attitudes and psychology-based interventions . The development of risk-taking in young drivers . Dr Richard Rowe University of Sheffield.

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Dr Richard Rowe

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  1. Dr Richard Rowe Senior Lecturer in PsychologyUniversity of Sheffield The development of risk-taking in young drivers: pre-driving attitudes and psychology-based interventions

  2. The development of risk-taking in young drivers Dr Richard Rowe University of Sheffield

  3. Do we need road safety education? • GDL and new technologies will improve road safety • But room for improvement will remain • Health behaviour change approaches working in other domains • No reason why they should not work for driving as well

  4. How can education be improved? • Need quantitative evaluation to test efficacy • Contents of interventions • Will come back to that… • Post-licence education is too late? • May be attitudes to driving form a long time before starting to drive

  5. Intervention with pre-drivers assumes… • Attitudes to driving form early and remain constant • Pre-driving attitudes predict later driving behaviour

  6. G1219 study • UK longitudinal study of adolescent behavioural development • Measures of driving at Average age 17 years (1597 obs) Average age 20 years (1556 obs)

  7. G1219 Study: Driving status %

  8. Attitudes to driving violations scale • 7 items, largely focussed on speed • E.g. Decreasing the speed limit on motorways is a good idea • In drivers: • Correlates with self-reported risky driving and crash involvement • But can also be answered by non-drivers West & Hall, 1997

  9. Driver Behaviour Questionnaire • Very well used measure (100+ studies) • Assesses Violations • Speeding, racing away from traffic lights, overtaking on inside • Correlate of crash involvement Reason et al., 1990

  10. Attitudes to speed get worse as experience gained

  11. Predicting age 20 behaviour from age 17 attitudes Time 1 driving status Rowe et al, 2013, Injury Prevention

  12. Learning period is best for intervention • Attitudes predict driver behaviour • Start of trajectory of worsening attitude to speed (differs for other violations) • Can be included in licence requirement • May work best in programme of education begun during pre-driving • We will need more research…

  13. Safety Drive Intervention • 45 minute small group presentation • Target 16-18 year olds • Aimed at learners • Can be done by people with any experience • Behavioural targets • Speeding, fatigue, alcohol, distraction

  14. Theoretical basis Self affirmation Belief modification guided by the theory of planned behaviour Implementation intentions

  15. Speeding does not get you there quicker You are going on a 10-mile journeyand the speed limit is 30mph all the way. How much time would you save by travelling at 35mph? < 20 minutes < 15 minutes < 10 minutes < 5 minutes

  16. Preliminary evaluation • Measure attitudes • Before intervention in 212 participants • After intervention in 243 participants • Measures • Attitudes to speed, fatigue, alcohol, distraction

  17. Measures before and after Safety Drive

  18. Evaluation conclusions • Improvement in attitudes to speeding • Small to medium effect • Improvement in attitude to alcohol • But not distraction and fatigue • Supports development of Safety Drive • And gives pointers on where to make improvements

  19. Limitations of evaluation • Don’t know if effects on attitude will be durable • Don’t know if attitude effects will translate to future driving behaviour • It will take large scale, longitudinal studies to find out

  20. Conclusions • Learner phase may be the best time to change attitudes • Interventions better if theory driven • Need evaluations that • Test efficacy • Can identify where to improve

  21. Acknowledgements Genesis1219 ThaliaEley Alice Gregory Barbara Maughan Social/Health psychologists Peter Harris Paul Norman Chris Armitage Research Assistants Liz Andrews Gareth Jones Sheffield City Council Claire Molyneux Dave Lawson Joe Hockney

  22. The development of risk-taking in young drivers Dr Richard Rowe University of Sheffield

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