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By: Efren fuertes

The Things I Learned. By: Efren fuertes. The Scientific Method. The Scientific method was the first thing we learned. The first step is observation. It talks about the organization of all testing things. The 2 nd step is research question. It has to be testable.

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By: Efren fuertes

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  1. The Things I Learned By: Efren fuertes

  2. The Scientific Method • The Scientific method was the first thing we learned. • The first step is observation. It talks about the organization of all testing things. • The 2nd step is research question. It has to be testable. • 3rd step is Collecting variables. There are 3 of them. Independent variable, dependent variable, and constant variable. • 4th step is hypothesis. It is an educated guess. • 5th step is procedure. It is the steps you used in the experiment. • 6th step is analyze data. It shows the graphs you used. • 7th step is conclusion. It talks about if your hypothesis is correct or wrong.

  3. Matter • Matter has mass and takes up space. • Ex: wall, shoe, mouse

  4. Physical/Chemical Changes • Physical change is the way you change the look of something. • Chemical change makes a new substance. • Phy: crumpled paper. • Che: burning wood.

  5. States of Matter • The three states of matter is solid, liquid, and gas. • Particle arrangement • Solid • Liquid • Gas

  6. 5 Phase changes • Melting point-ice – water • Boiling point-water – steam • Freezing point- water- ice • Condensation- heat- sweat • Sublimation-dry ice- steam

  7. Mixtures Elements and compounds • Compounds: when 2 elements make a new element. • Mixtures: when 2 substances make a new substance. • Element: pure substance.

  8. Homogeneous/Heterogeneous • Homogeneous: can’t see the particles. • Heterogeneous: can see the particles. • Ex: Kool Aid • trail mix

  9. PE/KE • Potential energy: stored energy • Kinetic energy: energy of movement. • Ex: about to kick a ball. • Diving for a ball. Chicharito

  10. Atoms • There are three types of atoms. • 1. Protons: + • 2.Electrons - • 3.Neutrons +-

  11. Periodic table • Demister Mendeleev made the periodic table. • There are 18 groups and 7 periods. • The 4 parts of the periodic table is metals, transitional metals, non-metals, and gases. • Ex: gold, silver, copper, and carbon.

  12. The 3 types of heat • 1. Conduction: Movement of heat by touch. • 2. Convention: heat passes through a liquid. • 3. Radiation: heat being pass in the air. • Ex: Touching a hot stove. • Touching hot water. • Heat wave.

  13. Speed • The rate of motion( how fast) • Ex: Speeding up the road.

  14. Acceleration • Increase of speed. • Ex: The car is accelerating.

  15. Forces and Motion • Motion: anytime an object changes position. • Force: anything that would change the movement of an object. • Ex: Push a car.

  16. Resistance and Gravity • Resistance: slows something down. • Gravity: the force that pulls you down to earth. • Ex: running on sand. • Rain

  17. Balanced and Unbalanced • Balanced: all the forces acting in one object. • Unbalanced: when one force is acting upon an object. • Ex: Bal: table Unb: see saw

  18. Friction and Net forces • Friction: when 2 substances rub each other. • Net forces: the sum of all forces. • Ex: Rubbing your hands.

  19. Newton’s 1st Law • Same thing as Inertia. • An object would be at rest unless you put force. • Ex: A ball would be in the air until someone catches it.

  20. Newton’s 2nd Law • The more mass an object has, the more force to move it. • Ex: What needs more force, a pebble or a pencil.

  21. Newton’s 3rd law • For every action there is an equal or opposite amount of force. • Ex: Leaning on a wall.

  22. Momentum • How hard it is to stop something. • Ex: Stopping a car with your hands.

  23. Work • Anytime you move something apply a force and that force moves it. • Ex: Pushing a car.

  24. Power • Amount of work we could do in a period of time. • Ex: Weights

  25. Waves • A wave is a disturbance of energy that passes through matter that moves one place to another. • Ex: Flag

  26. Mechanical waves • Need a medium to travel. • A medium is matter that allows waves pass through it. • Ex: Tornado.

  27. 2 Types of waves • Longitudinal: Up and down • Transverse: Back and forth • Ex: Long: Telephone wire. Trans: Bell

  28. Electromagnetic waves • Do not need a medium. • 7 electromagnetic waves: • Radio wave- oldest wave • Microwave- ex: cell phones • Infrared wave- senses body heat • Visible light- anything we could see. • Ultra violet rays-ex: sun, tanning beds • X-rays – see your bones • Gamma rays-identify organs./fastest

  29. Reflection, Refraction, Diffraction • Reflection- waves would bounce off objects. • Refraction- Wave speed will vary based on the medium it is passing through. • Diffraction- When waves go around, through, or between. • Ex: pool air, water, bottom of sea waves going through holes.

  30. Constructive and destructive interference • Constructive: when 2 similar waves come together and they make a big wave. • Destructive: when 2 opposite waves cancel each other.

  31. Sound in different mediums • Solid- slower • Liquid-quicker • Gas- quickest Effect of temp on sound • Hot: the waves would move really quick, because the particles move fast. • Cold: the particles are real heavy and is slower.

  32. Websites • http://www.google.com • Google pictures

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