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Unit MPII 002 Managing paediatric illness and injury (Part 1)

Unit MPII 002 Managing paediatric illness and injury (Part 1). MPII 002 Managing paediatric illness and injury 1 credit. This part of the unit looks at first aid for infants and children: with a suspected fracture and a dislocation with a head, a neck and a back injury

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Unit MPII 002 Managing paediatric illness and injury (Part 1)

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  1. Unit MPII 002Managing paediatric illness and injury(Part 1)

  2. MPII 002Managing paediatric illness and injury1 credit This part of the unit looks at first aid for infants and children: • with a suspected fracture and a dislocation • with a head, a neck and a back injury • with conditions affecting the eyes, ears and nose • with a chronic medical condition or sudden illness.

  3. Connector What is the difference between fracture and a dislocation? Be prepared to give feedback!

  4. Research activity Each group to research the following type of fracture: Group A: Greenstick fracture Group B: Open fracture Group C: Closed fracture Group D: Hairline fracture

  5. Common types of fractures 1.1 • Greenstick fracture: the bone bends and splits but does not break (just like a green stick). There is little damage to the surrounding tissue. • Open fracture: the broken end of the bone breaks through the skin and may stick out. • Closed fracture: the bone is broken but does not damage the skin. • Hairline fracture: the bone is only partially fractured. These fractures can be difficult to detect on x-rays.

  6. How to manage a fracture 1.2 Arm and collarbone Immobilise the affected area • Do not attempt to straighten a broken limb. • Do not give anything to eat or drink Treat wound Control the bleeding and loosely cover the wound with a dressing Leg injury Keep the injured limb supported. Make a splint Fracture Signs of shock Lie the child down. Raise their legs above the level of their heart.  Make sure you keep the child warm

  7. How to manage a dislocation 1.3 & 1.4 • The principles of managing a dislocation are the same as for managing a fracture. • Get the child to hospital, immobilise and support the affected area.

  8. Head injuries 2.1 ? Dazed and confused Dizziness and nausea ? ? Concussion Skull fracture ? ? Blow to the head Brief loss of consciousness ? Bruise or wound on head Severe headache Cerebral compression ? What are the missing signs and symptoms? High temperature and flushed face ? ? ? ?

  9. Managing a head injury 2.1 In case of spinal injury, make sure child does not move. Medical staff will confirm or rule out spinal injury.

  10. Foreign bodies in eyes, ears and nose 3.1 • Eyes • Try to removewith swab • Try flushing out • If metal or glass, take • to hospital immediately • Ears • If an insect, try flushing out • Do not remove if object is hard, take to hospital • Nose • Do not try to remove • Take to hospitalimmediately

  11. Other common eye injuries 3.2

  12. Chronic medical conditions 4.1

  13. Babies under 12 months Bulging fontanelle. High temperature. Floppy or stiff body. Blotchy pale skin. High-pitched moaning cry. Red/purple spots that do not fade under pressure (glass test). Difficult to wake up. Refuses to feed. Older children Neck stiffness and joint pains. Neck arching backwards. Cannot tolerate light. Red/purple spots that do not fade under pressure. Meningitis 4.2 Get medical help quickly

  14. Signs and symptoms Child may be flushed and sweaty and forehead will feel very hot to the touch. Child may stiffen their limbs which will twitch or shake; this can go on for up to five minutes. Child may arch their back and clench their fists . Child may hold their breath, making their face look blue. Child may be incontinent of urine or faeces. Child may become unconscious from the violence of the twitching. Febrile convulsions (1) 4.2

  15. Febrile convulsions (2) Treatment • Remove any clothing and open the window. • Lay the child down on his/her side. Provide support with a cushion or rolled-up blanket. • Ask a colleague to call for a doctor at once. Call an ambulance if the convulsion lasts for longer than five minutes. • Use tepid water to sponge over the child. The convulsion will stop once the child has cooled down. • Contact the child’s parents or carers to let them know what has happened. • Once recovered, encourage the child to drink plenty of water and give the recommended dose of paracetamol-based syrup. This will help to reduce body temperature and relieve discomfort.

  16. Worksheet 1 Work with person sitting beside you and complete worksheet 1. Be Prepared to give feedback!

  17. Review Ask the person beside you…

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