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Evolution of Computers: From Abacus to Microprocessors

Explore the fascinating history of computers, tracing their evolution from ancient tools like the Abacus (500 BC) to revolutionary inventions like the Pascaline (1642). Discover the significant milestones in computing, including the introduction of punch cards (1801), the Difference and Analytical Engines by Charles Babbage, and Ada Lovelace as the first programmer. Learn about the transition from vacuum tubes to transistors, the advent of integrated circuits, and the emergence of microprocessors in the fourth generation, leading to modern computing.

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Evolution of Computers: From Abacus to Microprocessors

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Presentation Transcript

  1. History Computers

  2. Development of Computers • Abacus (500 BC)

  3. Pascaline (1642) - Blaise Pascal

  4. Punch cards (1801) - Joseph Jacquard

  5. Difference Engine/Analytical Engine (1822) - Charles Babbage

  6. First programmer - Ada Augusta Lovelace

  7. Census Bureau (1890) - Herman Hollerith

  8. ABC by Atanasoff & Berry

  9. General Purpose Computers • ENIAC by Mauchly & Eckert • First computer based entirely on vacuum tubes

  10. EDVAC by von Neumann Improved programming requirements of ENIAC Stored program concept

  11. First Generation • 1951 – 1958 • Vacuum tubes • UNIVAC I (1951) • First computer built for a data processing application • Punched cards • Machine language being replaced by assembly language • FORTRAN

  12. Vacuum Tubes

  13. Second Generation • 1959 – 1963 • Transistors • DEC introduced PDP-1 (1960) • First minicomputer • IBM began work on System 360 series (1961) • Magnetic tapes and disks • COBOL, Basic, and PL1

  14. Transistors

  15. Third Generation • 1964 – 1970 • Integrated circuits • Circuits reside on a single chip • IBM introduced System 360 series (1964) • RPG and Pascal

  16. Integrated Circuits

  17. Fourth Generation • 1971 – ??? • LSI and VLSI • Many circuits on a single chip • Development of microprocessor by Intel (1971) • Ted Hoff • MITS, Inc. – first commercially successful microcomputer (1975) • Apple II (1977), Tandy’s TRS-80 (1979), IBM PC (1981) • Ada

  18. LSI

  19. ? Next Generation ?

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