1. Acids, Bases and Salts ACIDS Acids are defined as a substances which releases one or more hydrogen ion in aqueous solution. For Example: HCl, H2SO4

2. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ACIDS Sour in Taste Acid turns blue litmus paper in to red colour They produce burning sensation

3. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACIDS Acids( HCl and H2SO4) react with certain active metals to evolve hydrogen gas. Example: Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 Acids react with metal oxides to form salt and water Example: metal oxide + Acids salt +water Metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates reacts with acids to evolve CO2(g) and form salts

4. STRONG AND WEAK ACIDS Acids which are ionized to large extent are known as strong acids Example: HCl and H2SO4 HCl (l) water H+ (aq) +Cl-(aq) Acids which are ionized to less extent are known as Weak acids. CH3 COOH (l) water CH3COO-(aq) +Cl-(aq)

5. Activity Based on Acids To demonstrate the action of zinc with dil.HCl . To demonstrate the action of Dil.H2SO4 with Sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate.

6. BASES A Bases may be defined as a substances capable of releasing one or more hydroxyl ions in aqueous solution For Example: NaOH, KOH

7. INDICATORS Those substances which tells the presence of acids and bases For Example: Phenolphthalein

8. TYPES OF INDICATORS Natural e.g. Red cabbage juice, Turmeric Solution Chemical e.g. Methyl orange Olfactory e.g. Onion, clove oil, vanilla