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PRESENTATION

PRESENTATION. Form 10. Holidays & Celebrations. American Holidays.

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PRESENTATION

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  1. PRESENTATION Form 10 Стецук Т. Е.

  2. Стецук Т. Е.

  3. Holidays & Celebrations Стецук Т. Е.

  4. American Holidays • isanintroductorysurveyofthehistoricalandsocialbackgroundofAmericanholidays. Peopleineveryculturecelebrateholidays. Althoughtheword "holiday" literallymeans "holyday," mostAmericanholidaysarenotreligious, butcommemorativeinnatureandorigin. BecausethenationisblessedwithrichethnicheritageitispossibletotracesomeoftheAmericanholidaystodiverseculturalsourcesandtraditions, butallholidayshavetakenonadistinctivelyAmericanflavor. IntheUnitedStates, theword "holiday" issynonymouswith "celebration! " Стецук Т. Е.

  5. In 1971, the dates of many federal holidays were officially moved to the nearest Monday by then-President Richard Nixon. There are five holidays which are not necessarily celebrated on Mondays: Thanksgiving Day, Veterans Day, New Year's Day, Independence Day and Christmas Day. When New Year's Day, Independence Day, or Christmas Day falls on a Sunday, the next day is also a holiday. When one of these holidays falls on a Saturday, the previous day is also a holiday. Federal government offices, including the post office, are always closed on all federal holidays. Schools and businesses close on major holidays like Independence Day and Christmas Day but may not always be closed, for example, on President's Day or Veterans Day. Стецук Т. Е.

  6. Washington's Birthday (Presidents'Day) Accordingtothefederalgovernment, theholidayobservedonthethirdMondayinFebruaryisofficiallyWashington'sBirthday. ButmanyAmericansbelievethatthisholidayisnowcalled "Presidents' Day," inhonorofbothPresidentsWashingtonandLincoln, whosebirthdaysareFeb. 22 andFeb. 12, respectively In 1968, CongresspassedtheMondayHolidaysAct, whichmovedtheofficialobservanceofWashington'sbirthdayfromFeb. 22 tothethirdMondayinFebruary. Somereformershadwantedtochangethenameoftheholidayaswell, toPresidents' Day, inhonorofbothLincolnandWashington, butthatproposalwasrejectedbyCongress, andtheholidayremainedofficiallyWashington'sBirthday. Themisconceptionsandconfusionssurroundingthisholidayareexplainedinatwopartarticletitled"ByGeorge, IT IS Washington'sBirthday!" inPrologue, Winter 2004, apublicationoftheNationalArchivesandRecordsAdministration. Стецук Т. Е.

  7. Columbus Day • This day commemorates Italian navigator Christopher Columbus' landing in the New World on October 12, 1492. Most nations of the Americas observe this holiday on October 12, but in the United States, annual observances take place on the second Monday in October. The major celebration of the day takes place in New York City, which holds a huge parade each year. Стецук Т. Е.

  8. ColumbusDay • ColumbusDayistheannual U.S. commemorationofexplorerChristopherColumbus' landingintheNewWorld (atSanSalvadorIsland, alsoknownasWaitlingIsland, todaypartoftheBritishBahamas) onOctober 12, 1492. ColumbuswasnotthefirstEuropeansuccessfullytocrosstheAtlantic. Vikingsailorsarebelievedtohaveestablishedashort-livedsettlementinNewfoundlandsometimeinthe 11th century, andscholarshavearguedforanumberofotherpossiblepre-Columbianlandings. Columbus, however, initiatedthelastingencounterbetweenEuropeansandtheindigenouspeoplesoftheWesternHemisphere.A numberofnationscelebratethisencounterwithannualholidays: DiscoveryDayintheBahamas, HispanicDayinSpain, andDíadelaRazainmuchofLatinAmerica. In 1971, Congressmovedthe U.S. holidayfromOctober 12 tothesecondMondayinOctober, toaffordworkersalongholidayweekend. IntheUnitedStates, ColumbusDayistypicallyacelebrationofItalianandItalian-Americanculturalheritage, ColumbusgenerallybeingconsideredanativeofGenoa. (WashingtonFile, October 11, 2007.) Стецук Т. Е.

  9. Thanksgivingday • Thanksgiving Day is the fourth Thursday in November, but many Americans take a day of vacation on the following Friday to make a four-day weekend, during which they may travel long distances to visit family and friends. The holiday dates back to 1621, the year after the Puritans arrived in Massachusetts, determined to practice their dissenting religion without interference. After a rough winter, in which about half of them died, they turned for help to neighboring Indians, who taught them how to plant corn and other crops. The next fall's bountiful harvest inspired the Pilgrims to give thanks by holding a feast. Стецук Т. Е.

  10. Thanksgivingfeast • TheThanksgivingfeastbecameanationaltradition - notonlybecausesomanyotherAmericanshavefoundprosperitybutalsobecausethePilgrims' sacrificesfortheirfreedomstillcaptivatetheimagination. Tothisday, Thanksgivingdinneralmostalwaysincludessomeofthefoodsservedatthefirstfeast: roastturkey, cranberrysauce, potatoes, pumpkinpie. Beforethemealbegins, familiesorfriendsusuallypausetogivethanksfortheirblessings, includingthejoyofbeingunitedfortheoccasion. Стецук Т. Е.

  11. Christmas Стецук Т. Е.

  12. Christmas • Christmas is a most important religious holy day for Christians, who attend special church services to celebrate the birth of Jesus of Nazareth. Christmas is not only a religious holy day, but became one of the first federal holidays in 1870. On this day most businesses and offices remain closed and the greatest possible number of workers, including government employees, have the day off. Many places even close early on the day before. Naturally Christians observe Christmas according to the traditions of their particular church. Besides the strictly religious traditions, however, other common Christmas practices are observed by people who are not religious or who are not Christian. In this way, some Christmas traditions have become American traditions. The decorating of homes for Christmas is very common. Most American who observe Christmas have a Christmas tree in their homes. This may be a real evergreen tree or an artificial one. In either case, the tree is decorated and trimmed with small lights and ornaments. Other decorations such as lights and wreaths of evergreen and signs wishing a "Merry Christmas" can be found inside and outside of many homes. Стецук Т. Е.

  13. Halloween • Halloween, thelastdayofOctober, hasaspecialsignificanceforchildren, whodressinfunnyorghostlycostumesandknockonneighborhooddoorsshouting "TrickorTreat!" Piratesandprincesses, ghostsandwitchesallholdbagsopentocatchthecandyorothergoodiesthattheneighborsdropin. Since the 800's November 1st is a religious holiday known as All Saints' Day. The Mass that was said on this day was called Allhallowmas. The evening before became known as All Hallow e'en, or Halloween. Like some other American celebrations, its origins lie in both pre-Christian and Christian customs. Стецук Т. Е.

  14. This holiday, which always is observed on the first Monday of September has been a federal holiday since 1894, but was observed in some places before that day as a result of a campaign by an early organization of workers called the Knights of Labor. Its purpose is to honor the nation's working people. In many cities the day is marked by parades of working people representing the labor unions. Most Americans consider Labor Day the end of the summer, and the beaches and other popular resort areas are packed with people enjoying one last three-day weekend. For many students it marks the opening of the school year. Стецук Т. Е.

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