1. Unit 4—Chapter 7 The Roaring Twenties CSS 11.5

2. Warm Up • What was the first American silent movie with a plot? • What was the first “talkie” called? • Who is Babe Ruth? • What was a flapper? • What did the Equal Rights Amendment do for women?

3. Part Four A New Mass Culture 11.5.4 - Analyze the passage of the 19th Amendment and the changing role of women in society. 11.5.5 - Describe the Harlem Renaissance and new trends in literature, music, and art, with special attention to the work of writers (e.g., Zora Neale Hurston, Langston Hughes). 11.5.6 - Trace the growth and effects of radio and movies and their role in the worldwide diffusion of popular culture. EQ: How did the new mass culture reflect technological and social changes?

4. Mass Media • Radio, 1920 • created a national rather than regional culture • encouraged consumption • new avenues for fame • Phonograph, 1877 • allowed music and speeches to spread nation wide • mass production became available in the 1890s • Silent Movies • silent movies vied with radio for popularity • serial films were followed like TV today

5. Mass Media • Great Train Robbery, 1903 • this 12-minute film was one of the first to tell a story • it was proceeded by the shorter nickelodeon • Birth of a Nation, 1915 • D.W. Griffith showed the KKK saving America from blacks after the Civil War • the NAACP protested the film • it led to violence and even killing • highest box office of the silent movie era ($10 million) • equivalent of $200 million today • Jazz Singer, 1927 • first of the “talkies” and the end of the silent-movie era • starred Al Jolson in black face

6. Mass Media • Baseball • became immensely popular with the advent of radio • Lou Gehrig, Ty Cobb • the 1919 Black Sox scandal was bigger than Tea Pot Dome • It became “America’s Pastime” • Babe Ruth(The Great Bambino, The Sultan of Swat) • paid more than the President • greatest baseball player of all time • lifetime batting average .342, 714 home runs

7. Mass Media • Charles Lindbergh (Lucky Lindy) • first solo flight across the Atlantic from New York to Paris in 1927 • became the first Time Man of the Year in 1927 • pioneered commercial aviation • his baby son was kidnapped and murdered in 1932 • ten-week search led to false negotiations and ultimately the baby’s body was found • kidnapping became a federal offense

8. Women’s Rights • Changes in Employment for Women • some broke into journalism, aviation, medicine, and the law • most women still worked in domestic service and manufacturing • The Flapper (The New Woman) • symbol of new feminine freedom • followed the same rules as men • shorter hair, shorter hemlines, makeup

9. Women’s Rights Nineteenth Amendment, 1920 women voters helped elect female governors in WY and TX and the first female senator originally most female voters supported the Republican Party but today most support the Democrats Equal Rights Amendment, 1924 (ERA) attempted to require equality under the Constitution most states require it today and it failed in the 1970s child custody, divorce, and equal pay were still major issues Gertrude Ederle swam the English Channel in 1926 at the age of 21 (only 5 men had done it) she swam over 20 miles in just over 14 hours

10. Modernism vs. Fundamentalism • Modernism • new emphasis on science and secular (non-religious) values • strongest in urban areas • Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis • Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution

11. Modernism in Art and Literature • The Lost Generation • writers from the 1920s who had become disillusioned by the romanticism of the late 1800s • they questioned tradition, religion, and society • Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald

13. Modernism

14. EQ: • How did the new mass culture reflect technological and social changes?