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Understanding Electricity: Current, Voltage, and Circuits in Chapter Sixteen

Chapter Sixteen focuses on the fundamental concepts of electricity including charge, current, voltage, resistance, and types of circuits. It introduces key measurements, with electric current measured in amperes (A) and voltage in volts (V). The chapter also discusses the role of batteries in creating voltage differences and explains how to effectively measure voltage and current using a multimeter. Additionally, it covers the importance of circuit protection devices like circuit breakers and fuses that stop excessive current.

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Understanding Electricity: Current, Voltage, and Circuits in Chapter Sixteen

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  1. UNIT FIVE: Electricity and Magnetism • Chapter 16 Electricity • Chapter 17 Magnetism

  2. Chapter Sixteen: Electricity • 16.1 Charge and Electric Circuits • 16.2 Current and Voltage • 16.3 Resistance and Ohm’s Law • 16.4 Types of Circuits

  3. Chapter 16.2 Learning Goals • Explain how current flows in an electric circuit. • Define voltage and describe how it is measured. • Discuss the function of a battery in an electric circuit.

  4. Key Question: How do you measure voltage and current in electric circuits? Investigation 16A Electricity

  5. 16.2 Current and voltage • Electric current is measured in units called amperes, or amps (A) for short. • One amp is a flow of a certain quantity of electricity in one second. • The amount of electric current entering a circuit always equals the amount exiting the circuit.

  6. 16.2 Voltage • Voltageis a measure of electric potential energy, just like height is a measure of gravitational potential energy. • Voltage is measured in volts(V). • A voltage difference of 1 volt means 1 amp of current does 1 joule of work in 1 second.

  7. 16.2 Voltage • A difference in voltage provides the energy that causes current to flow.

  8. 16.2 Voltage • A useful meter is a multimeter, which • can measure voltage or current, and sometimes resistance. • To measure voltage, the meter’s probes are touched to two places in a circuit or across a battery.

  9. 16.2 Batteries • A batteryuses stored chemical energy to create the voltage difference. • Three 1.5-volt batteries can be stacked to make a total voltage of 4.5 volts in a flashlight.

  10. 16.2 Batteries • A pump is like a battery because it brings water from a position of low energy to high energy.

  11. 16.2 Measuring current • If you want to measure current you must force the current to pass through the meter. • Multimeters can measure two types of current: alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC).

  12. 16.2 Measuring current • Circuit breakers and fuses are two kinds of devices that protect circuits from too much current by making a break that stops the current.

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