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ENTO 305 Lab 8: Legs and Wings

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ENTO 305 Lab 8: Legs and Wings

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    1. ENTO 305 Lab 8: Legs and Wings

    2. Objectives Quiz Lecture Assignment/Review Basalare and abductor muscle demo

    3. 1. Name the muscle that is drawn on the board.

    4. 2. Name this group of muscles.

    5. Quiz 3. What 2 types of appendages are we covering today? (worth 2 points) 4. True or False. The muscle shown in #2 is an indirect flight muscle.

    6. Legs Basic plan: Coxa Trochanter Femur Tibia Tibial spurs Tarsus Pretarsus Many modifications! Running, swimming, digging, grasping, stridulation, etc.

    7. Legs

    8. Scarabs

    9. Scarabs

    10. Flies http://www.ces.csiro.au/biology/fly/flyGlossary.html

    11. Flies

    12. True Bugs Arolium may be bristle- or pad-like Could occur as single or double pads Fig 22-3, pg. 272 Somewhat confusing relative to other insects…

    13. Honey Bees

    14. Mantids

    15. Mole Crickets Look for tympanum on tibia

    16. Wing Venation Basic plan of longitudinal veins: Costa (C); typically unbranched

    17. Wing Venation: Basic Plan

    18. Wing Venation Basic plan of longitudinal veins: Costa (C); typically unbranched Subcosta (Sc); unbranched in many insects

    19. Wing Venation: Basic Plan

    20. Wing Venation Basic plan of longitudinal veins: Costa (C); typically unbranched Subcosta (Sc); unbranched in many insects Radius (R); forks near base Anterior (R1) unbranched, posterior (Rs) forks twice (R2-R5)

    21. Wing Venation: Basic Plan

    22. Wing Venation Basic plan of longitudinal veins: Costa (C); typically unbranched Subcosta (Sc); unbranched in many insects Radius (R); forks near base Anterior (R1) unbranched, posterior (Rs) forks twice (R2-R5) Media (M); forks to form MA (rarely present) and MP

    23. Wing Venation: Basic Plan

    24. Wing Venation Basic plan of longitudinal veins: Costa (C); typically unbranched Subcosta (Sc); unbranched in many insects Radius (R); forks near base Anterior (R1) unbranched, posterior (Rs) forks twice (R2-R5) Media (M); forks to form MA (rarely present) and MP Cubitus (Cu); 2 branches, Cu1(a & b) and Cu2

    25. Wing Venation: Basic Plan

    26. Wing Venation Basic plan of longitudinal veins: Costa (C); typically unbranched Subcosta (Sc); unbranched in many insects Radius (R); forks near base Anterior (R1) unbranched, posterior (Rs) forks twice (R2-R5) Media (M); forks to form MA (rarely present) and MP Cubitus (Cu); 2 branches, Cu1(a & b) and Cu2 Anal veins (A); typically unbranched; many

    27. Wing Venation: Basic Plan

    28. Wing Venation Basic plan of longitudinal veins: Costa (C); typically unbranched Subcosta (Sc); unbranched in many insects Radius (R); forks near base Anterior (R1) unbranched, posterior (Rs) forks twice (R2-R5) Media (M); forks to form MA (rarely present) and MP Cubitus (Cu); 2 branches, Cu1(a & b) and Cu2 Anal veins (A); typically unbranched; many Cross-veins Create cells Cells named after vein bordering them anteriorly

    29. Variations

    30. Wing Regions Entire regions of the wing, not just the veins or coupling mechanisms, can be extremely variable Be able to identify the wing regions that distinguish one taxon from another

    31. Wing Regions Claval fold Marks area of wing flexion during upstroke of flight More distinct in Heteroptera Jugum (jugal lobe) Basal lobe at posterior marigin Distinct in some Hymenoptera

    32. Wing Regions

    33. Wing Regions: Diptera (Muscoidea) Alula Deep notch near posterior margin Calypters (calypteres) 2 fleshy lobes at base of wing Upper calypter lies on top of lower calypter when wings are folded Halteres Modified hindwings Knob-like structures

    34. Wing Regions: Diptera (Muscoidea)

    35. Wing Coupling Fore- and hindwings of most insects (excluding Orthoptera and Odonata) are linked together as a single unit Simultaneous movement Wings couple in different ways according to different taxa

    36. Wing Coupling: Frenate LEPIDOPTERA Frenulum Spine(s) at anterior base of hindwing Retinaculum Group of scales on posterior margin of forewing Frenulum hooks into the retinaculum Found in most of the common moths

    37. Frenulum

    38. Wing Coupling: Frenate

    39. Wing Coupling: Amplexiform LEPIDOPTERA No frenulum or retinaculum Enlarged humeral area at base of hindwing overlaps anal angle of forewing Humeral area = anterior basal portion Costal margin = anterior margin Found in butterflies

    40. Amplexiform

    41. Wing Coupling: Hamuli HYMENOPTERA Hamuli Series of hooks on anterior portion of hindwing

    42. Hamuli

    43. Wing Regions: Diptera (Muscoidea)

    45. Assignment Drawings: 1st set pg. 70 2nd set pg. 74 3rd set pg. 75 Look at ALL demos and make sketches Mole cricket foreleg (we will do this together) No diagrams this week! Material from lab 7 is available

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