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Chapter 2: Chemical Reactions

Chapter 2: Chemical Reactions. I. Section 1: Observing Chemical Change. A. Properties and Changes of Matter 1) Properties of Matter 2) Changes of Matter 3) Bonding and Chemical Change  Chemical changes occur when bonds ___________ and new bonds _________.

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Chapter 2: Chemical Reactions

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  1. Chapter 2: Chemical Reactions

  2. I. Section 1: Observing Chemical Change A. Properties and Changes of Matter 1) Properties of Matter 2) Changes of Matter 3) Bonding and Chemical Change  Chemical changes occur when bonds ___________ and new bonds _________. B. Evidence for Chemical Reactions 1) Changes in Properties  precipitate 2) Changes in Energy  Endothermic:  Exothermic:

  3. II. Section 2: Describing Chemical Reactions A. What are Chemical Equations? 1) When words are replaced by ___________ and chemical formulas to _____________ a reaction 2) Basic structure: ____________ “yield” ___________ B. Conservation of Mass In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products. symbols summarize reactants products

  4. C. Balancing Chemical Equations  the same number of each type of atoms on both sides of the equation! Step 1: Write the equation Step 2: Count the atoms Step 3: Use coefficients to balance atoms Step 4: Look back and check D. Classifying Chemical Reactions 1) Synthesis 2) Decomposition 3) Replacement

  5. III. Section 3: Controlling Chemical Reactions A. Energy and Reactions 1) Activation energy EX: “stars” in fireworks 2) Exothermic and endothermic reactions EX: baking soda & vinegar; baking bread (endothermic) EX: fireworks (exothermic)

  6. B. Rates of Chemical Reactions 1) Surface Area 2) Temperature 3) Concentration 4) Catalysts 5) Inhibitors

  7. IV. Section 4: Fire and Fire Safety A. Understanding Fire 1) The Fire Triangle: 2) Controlling Fire

  8. B. Home Fire Safety If you know how to prevent fires in your home and what to do if a fire starts, you are better prepared to take action. 1) Fighting Fires 2) Preventing Trouble

  9. Chapter Review • Test Format • MC and T/F • Diagrams • Burning a Candle • Balancing a Chemical Reaction • Essays (choose one!) 1) Compare a physical change and a chemical change. 2) Describe the difference between a synthesis reaction and a decomposition reaction.

  10. How to Balance a Chemical Equation Step 1: Write the equation. Step 2: Count the atoms – reactants and products. Step 3: Use coefficients to balance the equation. Step 4: Look back and check.

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