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Laboratory Overview: KVL, KCL, and Nodal Analysis in Circuit Simulations

This laboratory exercise focuses on the practical application of Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) and Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL), alongside nodal analysis, using MultiSim for circuit simulations. Students will engage in Wye-Delta calculations, build and analyze circuits, measure voltages, and calculate currents. The activities span two weeks, allowing for modifications and deeper exploration of circuit behaviors through Delta-Wye transformations. This hands-on experience emphasizes critical principles in electrical engineering and enhances students' simulation skills.

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Laboratory Overview: KVL, KCL, and Nodal Analysis in Circuit Simulations

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  1. EE188L EE I Laboratory Lab #4KVL, KCL and Nodal Analysis

  2. Lab #3 Overview • First Week • Simulation using MultiSim (see Multisim.ppt) • Wye-Delta calculations • Activity #2 – Build circuit • Measure voltages, calculate currents • Verify KVL (through step 10 of Activity #2) • Second Week • Activity #2 – Build same circuit • Verify KCL • Change source voltage • Activity #3 – Modify circuit using Delta-Wye • Nodal Analysis Calculations

  3. Multisim Window

  4. Wye-Delta Transformation Delta or D Wye or Y Y to Δ Equations Δ to Y

  5. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law, KVL Loop (0, 1, 2, 0) V0,1 + V1,2 + V2,0 = 0 V -3 V + VR1 - VR3 = 0 V Loop (0, 3, 2, 0) V0,3 + V3,2 + V2,0 = 0 V VR4 + VR2 - VR3 = 0 V For example: V1,2 = - V2,1 = VR1

  6. Nodal Analysis 1 A current is entering the node if the current is leaving the device. A current is leaving the node if the current is entering the device.

  7. Nodal Analysis 2 Apply Ohm’s Law (I = V/R) for R1: current entering node 2 = (V1 - V2) / R1 current leaving node 2 = (V2 - V1) / R1

  8. Kirchhoff’s Current Law, KCL Shade indicates a node At node 1, V1=3 v.due to source At node 0, V0=0 v. due to ground KCL at node 3: KCL at node 2:

  9. Nodal Analysis Shade indicates a node Substitute the known voltages into the equations that were obtained at nodes 2 & 3 Solve the two equations for V2 and V3 You can put the two equations in matrix form and solve using Matlab or any mathematics program (or your calculator).

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