The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden

1. The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden • What did he do? • Computer specialist • Booz Allen Hamilton • American technology consulting firm (Virginia) • Primary work  security • Primary client  NSA • leaked details of several top-secret U.S. & British government mass surveillance programs to the press What We Do Helping government and business leaders take on complex issues Clients have trusted Booz Allen’s management, and technology consulting services for 99 years. Our insight, deep domain knowledge and market-leading capabilities help our clients be ready for what’s next

2. The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden • What’s mass surveillance? • Ability to search data records  includes e-mail, chat rooms, Skype, internet searches, etc. • Anything you do on a computer/cell phone or other technology So what? What’s the issue?

3. The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

4. The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden • Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) - 1978 • response to President Nixon’s usage of federal resources to spy on political and activist groups • allowed surveillance, without court order, within the U.S. for 1 year unless the “surveillance will acquire the contents of any communication to which a United States person is a party” • if a U.S. person is involved, judicial authorization was required within 72 hours after surveillance begins.

5. The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden What is a U.S. person? - citizens, lawfully admitted permanent resident aliens, and corporations incorporated in the United States • purpose of the electronic surveillance - to obtain intelligence in the United States on foreign powers (such as enemy agents or spies) or individuals connected to international terrorist groups • government must show probable cause that the “target of the surveillance is a foreign power or agent of a foreign power”

6. The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden So, is the government breaking the law? - Is it performing illegal searches and seizures? “They who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety.” - Benjamin Franklin

7. The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden • Back to Snowden… • most significant leak in US history • “…to inform the public as to that which is done in their name and that which is done against them.” • worked for CIA before being employed in private business • made contact with Glenn Greenwald in late 2012 • May 20, 2013  simultaneous disclosure through the Washington Post and the Guardian • June 6 – Snowden identified

8. The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden • Obama assures Americans the “nobody” is listening to your calls • “There is no spying on Americans.” • June 14 – Snowden charged with illegal espionage • Snowden leaves Hawaii (where he worked) to go to Hong Kong • American passport revoked on June 23 • flees to Moscow – has been in Russia since – Russia has given him 1 year temporary asylum • seeking asylum somewhere (anywhere)

9. The National Security Agency (NSA) and Edward Snowden Hero or Traitor??