Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

1. Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom Timothy Gore Yaw Kumi-Diaka Barry Squire

2. Challenges for Teaching in the 21st Century Arends (2007) p.8 Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

3. Multicultural Education “ It is no easy task to incorporate cultural knowledge throughout teaching. You must consciously think about it as you interact with students and plan lessons and assignments. You should approach teaching multiculturally as an enthusiastic learner with much to learn from students and community members who have cultural identities different from your own. Gollnick & Chinn (2009) p. 376 ” Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

4. InésMárquez Chisholm poses the question: “ What … constitute equitable and culturally responsive strategies for educational computer use? ” Chisholm’s Six Elements for Technology Integration in Multicultural Classrooms Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

5. Chisholm’s Six Elements Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

6. Case Study Middle School Classroom Technology – Broward County Florida Components and Utilization in a Title I School Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

7. Silver Lakes Middle School (SLMS) • Title I school in North Lauderdale, FL • Enrollment approximately 780 students • Underperforming • Has not met AYP for 5 years includes Haitian, Jamaican, and African American * A portion of the black population speaks Creole. Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

8. SLMS Student Population Membership by Category (including ESE, ELL, FRPL, etc.), School Data, http://www.fldoe.org/eias/eiaspubs/fsir.asp includes Haitian, Jamaican, and African American * A portion of the black population speaks Creole. Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

9. Typical Classroom Hardware • Teacher laptop • LCD projector • Cable TV access with VCR or DVD player • Wireless internet router • Teams share a laptop computer cart • 15-20 laptop computers • Printer Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

10. Smart Classrooms • 5 Smart classrooms used by Math Department • Promethean board • Ceiling-mounted LCD projector • 20 ActiVote learner response modules • Teacher console • Handheld microphone • Wearable microphone • Sound system control • Ceiling-mounted speakers • DVD/VCR combo • 6 “semi-Smart” classrooms used by Social Studies Department • Ceiling-mounted LCD projector • Teacher console • Handheld microphone • Wearable microphone • Sound system control • Ceiling-mounted speakers • DVD/VCR combo Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

11. Technology in the Classroom Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

12. Application of Chisholm’s Six Elements Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

13. SLMS Response • Instituted a “Reference & Research” elective course in 2008-2009 • Comprised of students who do not need remediation in either Math or Reading for FCAT • 150 students participate • Became a GLIDES school in 2009 Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

14. Reference & Research Elective • Instruction focuses on Reference and Research learning strands in Language Arts • Project-based learning on topics of teacher’s choosing throughout the year • Students create their own content in a variety of media using technology • Audio • Video • Illustrations • Web Design • Blogs • Podcasts • PowerPoint presentations • Brochures • Comics Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

15. Reference & Research Elective • Student-centered • Goal is set by teacher • Student selects how or in what form the goal is reached • Cultural Relevance • Projects designed to take a localized approach to big questions • Outside speakers from diverse backgrounds engaged in technology activities and use • Teachers received additional training • DETA • Personalized instruction from Reference & Research teachers at Indian Ridge Middle School • Reference & Research teachers get preferential use of technology Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

16. R&R Year 1 Observations • Student unfamiliarity with some software persists • Skills will improve as students move through R&R courses • Budget cuts will continue to strain student ability to produce tangible artifacts • Papers & brochures • Anything that must be published • Equitable access needs improvement • Currently only for high achievers • Solution: ELL or ESE version of the class • Bauschspies definition of “information poor” addressed, but needs further improvement • Technology literacy • Information-seeking strategies • Determination of information needs • Access to information Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

17. Strategies for Using Technology in the Classroom

18. Integrating Software • Academic software can enrich the teaching and learning process • Academic software and web applications can significantly enhance a lesson and address the unique needs of diverse learners

19. Homework and Practice • Establish and communicate a homework policy • Design homework assignments that clearly articulate the purpose and outcome • Vary the approaches to providing feedback • Technology applications • Teacher web pages (blogs/wikis) • Multimedia presentations • Email completed assignments to teachers • Games (ex.: PowerPoint Jeopardy) • Use response clickers for student feedback

20. Note-Taking • Verbatim note-taking is the least effective way to take notes • Notes should be considered a work in progress • Notes should be used as study guides for tests • The more notes that are taken, the better • Technology applications • Concept mapping (Inspiration/Kidspiration – brainstorming, then use Outlin option) • Graphic organizers • Outlining in Microsoft Word or AppleWorks • PDAs • Put PowerPoint slides online

21. Nonlinguistic Representations • Graphic organizers • Descriptive patterns • Time-Sequence patterns • Generalization/Principle patterns • Concept patterns • Physical models • Generating mental pictures • Drawing pictures and pictographs • Engaging in kinesthetic activity

22. Nonlinguistic Representations • Technology applications for graphic organizers • Multimedia projects using PowerPoint, Corel Presentations, and Kidpix • Web pages, • Concept mapping with Inspiration/Kidspiration. • HyperStudio movies • Technology applications for other nonlinguistic representations • Simulation software models – CAD or bridge building • Flash • Any paint program • Graphing calculator • Digital cameras/video

23. Cooperative Learning

24. Assistive & Adaptive Technologies Technology used by individuals with disabilities allowing them to perform functions that might otherwise be difficult or impossible. Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

25. Assistive Technology for Learning Disabilities • Students with reading difficulty can use programs such as: • Simon Sounds It Out (Doc Johnson Inc) • The Sound Reading CD:Teens, 20s and Beyond (Sound Reading Systems) • These programs enable students to hear whole passages that are highlighted or to click on individual words Sharp, 2009, p. 266 Simon Sounds It Out Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

26. Assistive Technology for Learning Disabilities • Students who have difficulty writing can use programs such as Inspiration to help visualize concepts and relationships Sharp, 2009, p. 266 • Dragon Naturally Speaking (Nuance) allows students to dictate their compositions Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

27. Assistive Technology for Vision Impairments • Most computer monitors can be adjusted for contrast and display size to enhance visibility • Standard zoom features are sometimes included • Speech synthesis software can convert printed documents into speech • Voice recognition software allows users to communicate through a microphone • Dragon Naturally Speaking is an example of effective voice recognition software • Braille printers, keyboards, and refreshable Braille displays are available for blind students Sharp, 2009, p. 267-268 Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

28. Adaptive Hardware • Keyboard modifications • More space between keys • Larger keys • Keyboard overlays • On-screen keyboards Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

29. Adaptive Hardware • Pointing device alternatives • Joystick • Touchscreen • “Sip & Puff” • Foot mouse Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom

30. Resources Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom Arends, R. I. (2007). In Learning to Teach (7th ed., p. 8). New York: McGraw-Hill. Chisholm, I. M. (1998). Six elements for technology integration in multicultural classrooms. Journal of Information Technology in Teacher Education, 7(2), 247-268. D'Andrea, M. (1995). Using computer technology to promote multicultural awareness among elementary school-age students. Elementary School Guidance & Counseling, 30(1), 45-54. Fleming, N. D. & Mills, C. (1992). Not another inventory, rather a catalyst for reflection. To Improve the Academy, 11, 137. Florida Department of Education. (2009). Florida School Indicators Report. Retrieved Apr. 13, 2009, from http://www.fldoe.org/eias/eiaspubs/fsir.asp Gollnick, D. M., & Chinn, P. C. (2009). In Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society (8th ed., p. 376). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

31. Resources Using Technology in the Multicultural Classroom Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). But that's just good teaching! The case for culturally relevant pedagogy. Theory into Practice, 34(3), 159-165. Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). Challenging customs, canons and content: developing relevant curriculum for diversity. In C. A. Grant (Ed.), Educating for Diversity: An Anthology of Multicultural Voices (pp. 327-340). Needham, MA: Allyn & Bacon. Lever-Duffy, J. & McDonald, J. (2008). In Teaching and Learning with Technology (3rd ed.) New York: Pearson. Sharp, V. F. (2009). In Computer Education for Teachers (6th ed., pp. 266-271). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.