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Draft FY09-13 NSTX EBW Research Plan G. Taylor NSTX Wave-Particle Research Planning Meeting

Draft FY09-13 NSTX EBW Research Plan G. Taylor NSTX Wave-Particle Research Planning Meeting June 28, 2007. Research goals Status of ST EBW research FY09-13 NSTX EBW research plan. EBWCD Supports Solenoid-Free ST Development & Can Enhance Performance of Fusion Component Test Facility.

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Draft FY09-13 NSTX EBW Research Plan G. Taylor NSTX Wave-Particle Research Planning Meeting

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  1. Draft FY09-13 NSTX EBW Research Plan G. Taylor NSTX Wave-Particle Research Planning Meeting June 28, 2007 • Research goals • Status of ST EBW research • FY09-13 NSTX EBW research plan

  2. EBWCD Supports Solenoid-Free ST Development & Can Enhance Performance of Fusion Component Test Facility Pnb=30 MW Pnb=30 MW Pebw=10 MW Add 1 MA EBWCD • EBWH and/or ECH can assist solenoid-free ST plasma startup & off-axis EBWCD can stabilize & sustain > 20% ST plasmas • Adding 1 MA of off-axis EBWCD to CTF plasma generating wall loading of 1 MW/m2 can decrease lifrom 0.5 to 0.25 & increase qo from ~ 2 to ~ 4 li=0.5 qo~2 li=0.25 qo~4 Y-K. M. Peng, et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion, 47 B263 (2005)

  3. Long-Term NSTX EBW Research Goal to Assess EBWCD as a Tool for Sustaining  > 20% Solenoid-Free Plasma FY09-13 Research Goals: • Develop ECH-assisted plasma startup to increase Te sufficiently for effective HHFW coupling • Evaluate EBWH-assisted overdense plasma Ip ramp-up • Demonstrate efficient EBW coupling at RF powers ~ 300 kW • Assess effect of ponderomotive force, heating & parametric decay @ UHR on EBW coupling efficiency • Test EBW heating at RF powers ~ 600 kW: • Benchmark EBW code predictions for heating efficiency & localization • Test off-axis EBWH & core EBWCD with RF powers ~ 1 MW • Benchmark EBW code predictions for core Fisch-Boozer CD

  4. Modeling Predicts EBWCD Can Provide Stabilizing Current Needed for  > 20% Non-Inductive NSTX Scenarios Deposition similar for 14 GHz & 28 GHz and = 20-40% NSTX, bt = 42%, bpol = 1.6 Bt = 0.34 T , Ip = 1 MA CQL3D TSC Simulation Total 106 J (A/cm2) Bootstrap NBCD J|| (A/Wb) RFCD 0 0 1 0.5 r/a C. Kessel, et al ., Nucl. Fusion 45, 814 (2005) G. Taylor, et al ., Phys. Plasmas 11, 4733 (2004)

  5. Measured 80% fce B-X-O Coupling in NSTX L-Mode Edge Plasmas, Consistent with Modeling f =16.5 GHz Frequency = 16.5 GHz, Bt(0) = 4.5 kG • 3-D ray tracing & full wave EBW mode conversion model using EFIT magnetic equilibrium • & Thomson scattering Te & ne NSTX Shot 113544 G. Taylor et al., Phys. Plasmas 12, 052511 (2005) J. Preinhaelter et al., AIP Proc. 787, 349 (2005)

  6. 30-50% B-X-O Coupling Efficiency Recently Measured at fce & 2fce in Li-Conditioned, High k, fBS, H-mode Plasmas • Preliminary analysis of recent NSTX EBW emission measurements show 30-50% B-X-O coupling for 18 GHz (fce) & 28 GHz (2fce) • Li conditioning with LITER increased fce B-X-O coupling: • Li increased Te in the fce B-X-O coupling layer, reducing EBW collisional damping

  7. EBW Heating via O-X-B Coupling Demonstrated on MAST & TCV TCV MAST Bt(0) = 1.5 T, f = 82.7 GHz (2fce) f = 60 GHz (2fce & 3fce) 0.8 SXR (a.u.) 0 0.4 Power (MW) 0 3 <nel> (1020m-2) 0 0 0.3 Time (s) 0.7 With EBWH Without EBWH Te (keV) A. Mueck, et al ., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 175004 (2007) • Non-inductive MAST startup plasma recently heated by 90kW, 28 GHz to Te ~ 500 eV, at ne ~ 2x1018 m-3, generating Ip ~ 32 kA (May 2007) Time = 0.18 s 0 0.2 0.9 R (m) V. Shevchenko, et sl., Proc. EC-14, p. 54 (2006)

  8. 350 kW, 28 GHz, 500 ms, Heating System Being Installed on NSTX for Initial Operation in FY09 Proposed O-X-B Launcher • Additional Gyrotrons proposed for FY10 & FY11 operation, providing ~ 1 MW of 28 GHz power by FY12 • Possible operation at 15.3 GHz for fce EBWH on NSTX

  9. Proposed Pegasus 2.45 GHz EBW Heating ProgramCould Complement NSTX 28 GHz EBW Program • Significant hardware available at 2.45 GHz • Plan to use PLT LH system • Klystrons at PPPL and ORNL (up to 1 MW available) • EBW heating power comparable to Ohmic heating • New tools coming online • Plasma control system to maintain stationary edge in 2007 • Hard/soft X-ray camera for absorption imaging / q-profile diagnostic • Extended periods of dedicated runtime available • $300k to implement • Could be install & commissioned in 2 years

  10. Pegasus 2.45 GHz EBW Program has Important Goalsbut Lacks Funding • Program could demonstrate significant EBW heating & current drive in an ST at fce • 1 MW of 2.45 GHz microwave power -> ~ 400 kW coupled to EBW • Presently plan for O-X-B launch • Pebwh ~ Poh • Validate models of ray tracing and absorption • Recent observation of possible peeling modes at edge complicates coupling physics • Study lower hybrid parametric instability • Should be readily destabilized with20-100 kW for Pegasus conditions • Originally planned to start installation in 2007, but now indefinitely delayed due to lack of funding

  11. FY09-10 EBW Research Plan FY09 • 350 kW 28 GHz gyrotron system operational • 500ms pulse length • Possibly 100-200 kW at 15.3 GHz • ECH-assisted startup using fixed horn launcher at Bay G midplane: • Heat CHI & PF-only startup plasma to ~ 300 eV for HHFW coupling FY10 • Install second 350 kW 28 GHz gyrotron • Install fixed (or locally-steered) O-X-B launcher for Ip flat top at Bay G: • 300 kW EBW coupling & core heating expts: • High resolution edge Te MPTS • Edge reflectometer at launcher for measuring local Ln • Antenna probe for measuring lower hybrid parametric instability • Install fixed EBW horn launcher for EBW-assisted startup & Ip ramp up expts.

  12. FY11-13 EBW Research Plan FY11 • 600 kW EBW core & off-axis heating expts • Continue EBW-assisted startup & Ip ramp up expts. FY12-13 • Install third 350 kW 28 GHz gyrotron • Install remotely-steered O-X-B launcher next to HHFW antenna • 1 MW off-axis EBW heating & core EBWCD (Fisch-Boozer CD) expt. 8-Strap HHFW Antenna Proposed Remotely-Steered EBW Launcher NSTX Double Feed HHFW Antenna (circa 2012)

  13. 14 FY07 08 09 10 11 12 13 2009-13 EBW Research Plan Timeline 5 year EBW assisted startup & Ip Ramp Up ECH Assisted Startup EBW Emission Measurements 300kW EBW Coupling& Core EBWH 600kW EBWH 1 MW Off-Axis EBWH & Core EBWCD Physics 8-40 GHz EBW Radiometers with Remotely Steered Antennas 1st 350 kW 28 GHz Gyrotron ECH Launcher EBW Plasma Startup Launcher 2nd 350 kW 28 GHz Gyrotron Fixed or Locally Steered EBW Launcher for Ip Flat Top Remotely Steered EBW Launcher 3rd 350 kW 28 GHz Gyrotron Tools

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