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The History of Texas Harlan Davidson, Inc.

Instructor E-Sources PowerPoint™ Presentation Chapter 12 From Pearl Harbor through the 1960s: Texas at Midcentury. The History of Texas Harlan Davidson, Inc. Learning Outcomes (12). appreciate the role that Texas played in World War II,

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The History of Texas Harlan Davidson, Inc.

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  1. Instructor E-SourcesPowerPoint™ PresentationChapter 12From Pearl Harbor through the 1960s: Texas at Midcentury The History of Texas Harlan Davidson, Inc.

  2. Learning Outcomes (12) • appreciate the role that Texas played in World War II, • understand how & why World War II dramatically changed the state, • cite key reasons for the rise of the civil rights movements, • comprehend the impact of the war in social & cultural dimensions.

  3. Chapter 12Texas at Midcentury • Texans in World War II • Background • Japanese attack Pearl Harbor • State support for War • Armed ForcesParticipation • 750,000 (12,000 women) • Minority discrimination • Black Texans demand equality • Texas military posts expand Marine volunteers

  4. Texas at Midcentury • Texas & World War II • Wartime industrial expansion • Home front • Labor premium • Women & black industrial workers • Wartime patriotism • Politics during WW II • Conservative political & financial policy • Factionalism – the Texas Regulars

  5. Home Front Judy Garland Parade, San Antonio Nurses, Brooke General Hospital, Ft. Sam Houston

  6. Texas Economic Life • Texas Industrialization • Post war expansion • Oil & natural gas business • Port of Houston expands • Military bases & defense industries • Texas Bank resources expand • Transportation • Federal Interstate Highway system • Air passenger traffic

  7. Texas Economic Life • Texas workers & urban growth • Changing demographic patterns • Urban migration • Growth of segregated suburbs • Texas Mexican & African American communities transformed • Increase in women working • Labor Unions ~ state remains hostile • Family farms transformed • Mechanization • Agribusiness

  8. Texas Economic Life Recruiters attempt to hire Texan Mexicans for migrant farm work, 1949

  9. Texas Society & Culture at Midcentury • The Texas Family • Health care improves • Family structure • Rising divorce rate • Decrease in family size • End of Baby Boom, 1960 • Texas Schools • Demand for better public education • Gilmer-Aiken laws reorganization • Inadequate funding

  10. Texas Society & Culture at Midcentury • Texas Schools ~ Higher Education • Growth industry • “G.I. Bill of Rights” • National Defense Education Act (NDEA) • Community colleges expand • The fight to end segregation • Texas Mexicans • American G.I. Forum • Delgado v. Bastrop Independent School District (1948) • Texas African Americans • NAACP challenges admission policies • Sweatt v. Painter • Impact of Brown v. Board decision in Texas

  11. Texas Society & Culture at Midcentury • Middle-class values • Consensus & conformity • White elites control community power • Religion • Protestant roots • Membership expanding n 1950s • The electronic church • Leisure Activities • The rise of tourism • Sports world: collegiate & professional • Hunting & fishing Purchasing a shotgun, hunting enthusiast

  12. Texas Society & Culture at Midcentury • Cultural Activities • The Arts • Historic preservation • Music: symphony, opera, jazz, blues, country /western • Historical scholarship • Texas writers • A new audience • More cosmopolitan & heterogeneous population • Larry McMurtry’s Texas Mance Lipscomb

  13. Audie Murphy Dwight David Eisenhower  Chester A. Nimitz  Oveta Culp Hobby  Doris Miller  bracero program  Gilmer-Aikin Laws of 1949  Sputnik--launch & reaction G. I. Bill of Rights/Senator Ralph Yarborough  Dr. Hector P. Garcia/American G. I. Forum Felix Z. Longoria Alonso S. Perales  J. T. Canales George I. Sanchez  Carlos E. Castaneda Delgado v. Bastrop Independent School District (1948) Americo Paredes Hernandez v. the State of Texas Henry B. Gonzalez Heman Sweatt/ Sweatt v. Painter (1950) Brown v. Topeka Board of Education (1954) Red Scare/McCarthyism John Henry Faulk Lamar Hunt/"Bud" Adams (AFL) Clint Murchison, Jr. (NFL) Tom Landry/Dallas Cowboys "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias  Buddy Holly E. M. "Buck" Schiwetz Amado Pena Luis Jimenez Willie Nelson Larry McMurtry Key Words & Terms (12)

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