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Making The Peace

Making The Peace. The huge loss of life was made even worse in 1918 by a deadly pandemic (a spread of disease across a wide area)of influenza (20 million deaths in a few months) From Russia to France, homes, farms, factories, and roads had been bombed into rubble; many homeless refugees.

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Making The Peace

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  1. Making The Peace

  2. The huge loss of life was made even worse in 1918 by a deadly pandemic (a spread of disease across a wide area)of influenza (20 million deaths in a few months) • From Russia to France, homes, farms, factories, and roads had been bombed into rubble; many homeless refugees

  3. Reconstruction costs and war debts would burden an already battered world • The Allies blamed he war on their defeated foes and insisted that they make reparations (payments for war damages)

  4. The War’s results • 8.5 million causalities • 21 million wounded • 338 billion in damage • 15-20 million civilian casualties • Millions impoverished • “A lost generation” • Disenchantment and disaffection with the world

  5. After the war, Allies dictate a harsh peace that left many nations feeling betrayed • U.S.-Wilson • Britain -George • France-Clemenceau

  6. DAVID LLOYD GEORGE

  7. GEORGES CLEMENCEAU

  8. WOODROW WILSON

  9. B. Woodrow Wilson’s peace plan-The 14 Points • Freedom of the seas • Democracy • No secret treaties • National self-determination • A League of Nations

  10. C. The goals of Britain and France at Versailles • Revenge on Germany • Regain lost territories • Recoup some of the economic losses • Prevent Germany from becoming strong again • Gain more territory

  11. The final treaty was a compromise that satisfied no one • Germany admits guilt for starting the war • Reparation payments to be made to Allies • Alsace-Lorraine returned to France

  12. German navy and air force disbanded • German army reduced in size • Rhineland demilitarized

  13. Austro-Hungarian Empire broken up-new independent states formed • Poland • Czechoslovakia • Yugoslavia • Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia

  14. Ottomans retain control only of Turkey • Ottoman territories in Middle-east become British and French mandates

  15. A League of Nations formed • World Government • Article 10-nations agree to mutual protection against territorial aggrandizement • U.S. SENATE CHOOSES NOT TO RATIFY TREATY AND JOIN THE LEAGUE

  16. Treaty is a failure • Germany seethes with resentment/unrest • German hostility towards U.S. “Stab in the Back” • New European States weak • Colonial peoples’ disappointment • Weaknesses of the League • No U.S. • No enforcement provisions

  17. League is weak and ineffectual without U.S. • U.S. retreats into isolationism

  18. What’s Next?

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