Chapters 14 & 15 Test Review

1. Chapters 14 & 15 Test Review

2. Explain Roosevelt’s court packing plan. • In order to protect his New Deal programs, FDR wanted to appoint six new justices to the Supreme Court that would support his programs. This plan was found unconstitutional because it gave the executive branch too much power

3. 2. Explain the effects of the Hawley- Smoot tariff. Because the tariff increased prices on foreign goods coming in to the United States, other countries raised their tariffs as well. This caused a decrease in world trade.

4. How did Roosevelt’s New Deal Plan affect the size of the government? • It increased the size and scope of the government by creating many new government agencies and programs.

5. 4. Why was the TVA created and what did it accomplish? It was created to provide electricity to the poor, rural area in the Tennessee Valley. It provided electricity while creating thousands of jobs in this region of the United States.

6. 5. How did business manufacturing practices contribute to the Great Depression? Businesses were producing consumer products based on the previous demand during the 1920’s. When consumer demand fell, businesses continued to produce, thereby, becoming stuck with excess goods.

7. What did Hoover believe the role of the government was during the Great Depression? • Hoover believed assistance should come from communities, churches and families. He believed it was not the federal government’s role to provide direct relief.

8. 7. Since the Great Depression, how has the federal government become responsible for people’s economic welfare? The government provides social security for elderly and disabled citizens.

9. 8. How would you describe unemployment during the Great Depression? Unemployment rose to 25%. One in every four people were out of work.

10. How did FDR communicate with the American people to reassure them during the Great Depression? • Radio Broadcasting called “fireside chats”

11. 10.) Why did many farmers leave the Great Plains during the great depression? Because of the drought and dust storms

12. 11.) How did FDR’s New Deal program affect the national debt? It made the national debt go up

13. 12.) Which 2 permanent New Deal programs restored financial investor’s confidence in the economy? Securities and Exchange commission (SEC) and The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

14. 13.) How was President Hoover viewed during the Great depression? He was blamed for much of the Great depression

15. 14.) which significant event marks the beginning of the Great Depression? What is the date of this event? The stock market crash in 1929

16. 15.) What was the federal reserves monetary policy at the beginning of the Great Depression? They released less money into the money supply

17. 16.) What was the purpose of the Mexican Repatriation Act? To provide more jobs for Americans

18. 17.) What were the conditions in the Midwest that contributed to the dust bowl? Drought, removal of the grass, and high winds

19. 18.) Describe some of the actions Eleanor Roosevelt took while she served as the first lady of the United States Women's role in government, Human rights, arranging a performance for an African American opera singer

20. 19.) What were the causes in the wave of bank failures at the beginning of the Great Depression?’ People panicked and withdrew all their money- causing a “run on the bank”

21. 20.) According to economist, John Maynard Keynes, What was the best way to help end the Great Depression? The federal government to spend money and go into debt

22. 21.) What is the purpose of the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) To provide low income people with lower interests loans to purchase houses

23. 22.) Why did the Supreme Court overrule two of the most important programs of the New Deal? Because it exceeded the constitutional power to regulate interstate commerce