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Introduction

The Rise of Democratic Ideas. Introduction. authoritarian rulers. - non elected leader who governs without the consent of those being governed. absolute rulers. - a king or queen who has unlimited power and seeks to control all aspects of society. Glorious Revolution. 1688.

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Introduction

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  1. The Rise of Democratic Ideas Introduction

  2. authoritarian rulers

  3. - non elected leader who governs without the consent of those being governed.

  4. absolute rulers

  5. - a king or queen who has unlimited power and seeks to control all aspects of society.

  6. Glorious Revolution 1688

  7. - the bloodless overthrow of the English king James II and his replacement by William and Mary.

  8. Enlightenment

  9. – 18th century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society.

  10. Time Line of The Enlightenment Period  • 1651Hobbes publishes Leviathan. • 1690Locke publishes Two Treatises on Government.1697Mary Astell wrote Serious Proposal to the Ladies.   This stated that women needed to become better educated.1721Montesquieu published Persian Letters.  Reason used to liberate the mind.1733Voltaire published Philosophic Letters to the English.   Criticized problems facing France at the time.1739 - 40Hume published Treaties on Human Nature.1748Montesquieu published The Spirit of the Laws.  The condition of the country determined the political and social structure. • 1751Voltaire published The Age of Louis XIV.1751 - 65Diderot published The Encyclopedia.  It was considered the most important work of his lifetime.1758Voltaire published Candide.1762Rousseau published The Social Contract, Emile.   Attempt to unite the liberty of the individual with the authority of the government.  Emile was important for education. • 1763Voltaire published Treaties on Toleration. • 1764Beccaria published On Crimes and Punishments. • 1770Holbach published Systems of Nature.  Stated that the universe is made up of matter and motion. • 1776Smith published The Wealth of Nations.1784Immanuel Kant publishes his Critique of Pure Reason, his analysis of the human mind and how it relates to nature.1787Enlightenment Philosopher Condorcet published a treatise on the rights of women. He said that women have the same natural rights as men. • 1789The beginning of the French Revolution! • 1791 Olympe de Gouges published a Declaration of the Rights of Woman. • March 13, 1791 Thomas Paine'sRights of Man was written. • 1794 Thomas Paine'sThe Age of Reason was written. Condorcet wrote The Progress of the Human Mind.

  11. democracy

  12. a government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through its representatives.

  13. adapt

  14. To change in order to make suitable for a specific situation.

  15. Renaissance

  16. a period of European history from 1300 to 1600, during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far-reaching changes in art, learning, and views of the world.

  17. Reformation

  18. 16th century movement for religious reform, leading to the founding of the Christian churches that rejected the pope’s authority.

  19. natural laws -

  20. patterns and explanations of the world discovered through reason and intelligence; used by the Greeks in place of superstition and traditional explanations of the world.

  21. authority

  22. the power or right to give orders or make decisions

  23. individual -

  24.  a human being; a single person

  25. rights -

  26. an idea of justice which is due to a person by law or nature

  27. Western Europe -

  28. The countries in the westernmost half of Europe, especially those that were allied with the United States during the Cold War (1945-1990).

  29. colony -

  30. a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland.

  31. Declaration of Independence

  32. a statement of the reasons for the American colonies’ break from Britain in 1776.

  33. I. Legacy of Greece and Rome

  34. constitution

  35. – A set of basic laws and principles that a democratic country is governed by. A plan of government.

  36. Forum

  37. Government center of ancient Rome.

  38. Athens

  39. Greek city-state where democracy developed.

  40. cast-

  41. to vote in an election.

  42. verdict

  43. an official decision made by a jury in a court of law about whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime.

  44. government

  45. a political system for exercising authority.

  46. aristocracy

  47. a hereditary ruling class or nobility.

  48. citizen

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